diff --git a/node-graph/interpreted-executor/tests/graphene_spike.rs b/node-graph/interpreted-executor/tests/graphene_spike.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ad5524acb0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/node-graph/interpreted-executor/tests/graphene_spike.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,291 @@
+use std::any::Any;
+use std::mem::MaybeUninit;
+use std::ops::Add;
+
+use core_types::arena::{Arena, ArenaCell};
+use core_types::context::{ContextImpl, Ctx, EvalScope, ExtractArena, InjectIndex};
+use core_types::gnode::{BatchStatus, GNode, StatusCell};
+use core_types::gpoll::{ErrorKind, Finality, GPoll, Interrupt};
+
+fn add<A: Add<B>, B, C: Ctx>(_ctx: &C, augend: A, addend: B) -> <A as Add<B>>::Output {
+	augend + addend
+}
+
+struct AddNode<Node0, Node1> {
+	augend: Node0,
+	addend: Node1,
+}
+
+impl<Node0, Node1> AddNode<Node0, Node1> {
+	fn new(augend: Node0, addend: Node1) -> Self {
+		Self { augend, addend }
+	}
+}
+
+impl<A, B, Input, Node0, Node1> GNode<Input> for AddNode<Node0, Node1>
+where
+	A: Add<B>,
+	Input: Ctx,
+	Node0: GNode<Input, Output = A>,
+	Node1: GNode<Input, Output = B>,
+{
+	type Output = <A as Add<B>>::Output;
+
+	fn eval(&self, input: &Input) -> GPoll<Self::Output> {
+		let cell = StatusCell::new();
+		let augend = match cell.eval_input(0, &self.augend, input) {
+			Ok(value) => value,
+			Err(interrupt) => return interrupt.into(),
+		};
+		let addend = match cell.eval_input(1, &self.addend, input) {
+			Ok(value) => value,
+			Err(interrupt) => return interrupt.into(),
+		};
+		cell.finish(add(input, augend, addend))
+	}
+}
+
+struct ValueNode<T>(T);
+
+impl<T: Clone, Input> GNode<Input> for ValueNode<T> {
+	type Output = T;
+
+	fn eval(&self, _input: &Input) -> GPoll<T> {
+		GPoll::Final(self.0.clone())
+	}
+}
+
+struct ReadIndexNode;
+
+impl<Input: InjectIndex + Copy + ExtractIndexValue> GNode<Input> for ReadIndexNode {
+	type Output = f64;
+
+	fn eval(&self, input: &Input) -> GPoll<f64> {
+		GPoll::Final(input.index_value() as f64)
+	}
+}
+
+trait ExtractIndexValue {
+	fn index_value(&self) -> u64;
+}
+
+impl ExtractIndexValue for ContextImpl<'_> {
+	fn index_value(&self) -> u64 {
+		self.index_head().index
+	}
+}
+
+fn string_length<C: Ctx>(_ctx: &C, value: &String) -> f64 {
+	value.len() as f64
+}
+
+struct LendStringNode {
+	value: String,
+	cell: ArenaCell<String>,
+}
+
+impl LendStringNode {
+	fn new(value: String) -> Self {
+		Self {
+			value,
+			cell: ArenaCell::new(),
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+impl<'e, Input> GNode<Input> for LendStringNode
+where
+	Input: Ctx + ExtractArena<ArenaRef = &'e Arena>,
+{
+	type Output = &'e String;
+
+	fn eval(&self, input: &Input) -> GPoll<&'e String> {
+		let arena = input.arena();
+		if let Some(value) = self.cell.load(arena) {
+			return GPoll::Final(value);
+		}
+		match arena.alloc(self.value.clone()) {
+			Some((value, weak)) => {
+				self.cell.store(weak);
+				GPoll::Final(value)
+			}
+			None => GPoll::arena_exhausted(),
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+struct StringLengthNode<Node0> {
+	value: Node0,
+}
+
+impl<Node0> StringLengthNode<Node0> {
+	fn new(value: Node0) -> Self {
+		Self { value }
+	}
+}
+
+impl<'e, Input, Node0> GNode<Input> for StringLengthNode<Node0>
+where
+	Input: Ctx,
+	Node0: GNode<Input, Output = &'e String>,
+{
+	type Output = f64;
+
+	fn eval(&self, input: &Input) -> GPoll<f64> {
+		let cell = StatusCell::new();
+		let value = match cell.eval_input(0, &self.value, input) {
+			Ok(value) => value,
+			Err(interrupt) => return interrupt.into(),
+		};
+		cell.finish(string_length(input, value))
+	}
+}
+
+type ErasedGNode<T> = dyn for<'c> GNode<ContextImpl<'c>, Output = T>;
+type ErasedLendEdge = dyn for<'c> GNode<ContextImpl<'c>, Output = &'c String>;
+
+fn string_length_constructor(args: Vec<Box<dyn Any>>) -> Result<Box<ErasedGNode<f64>>, &'static str> {
+	let mut args = args.into_iter();
+	let value = *args.next().ok_or("arity")?.downcast::<Box<ErasedLendEdge>>().map_err(|_| "type")?;
+	Ok(Box::new(StringLengthNode::new(value)))
+}
+
+fn add_constructor_f64(args: Vec<Box<dyn Any>>) -> Result<Box<ErasedGNode<f64>>, &'static str> {
+	let mut args = args.into_iter();
+	let augend = *args.next().ok_or("arity")?.downcast::<Box<ErasedGNode<f64>>>().map_err(|_| "type")?;
+	let addend = *args.next().ok_or("arity")?.downcast::<Box<ErasedGNode<f64>>>().map_err(|_| "type")?;
+	Ok(Box::new(AddNode::new(augend, addend)))
+}
+
+fn scope_fixture<'a>(generations: &'a [(u64, u64)], arena: &'a Arena) -> EvalScope<'a> {
+	EvalScope::new(Some(0.5), None, None, generations, arena)
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn hand_expansion_evaluates_through_typed_erased_edges() {
+	let arena = Arena::new(1024);
+	let generations = [];
+	let scope = scope_fixture(&generations, &arena);
+	let ctx = ContextImpl::root(&scope);
+
+	let augend: Box<dyn Any> = Box::new(Box::new(ValueNode(1.0f64)) as Box<ErasedGNode<f64>>);
+	let addend: Box<dyn Any> = Box::new(Box::new(ValueNode(2.0f64)) as Box<ErasedGNode<f64>>);
+	let wired = add_constructor_f64(vec![augend, addend]).unwrap();
+
+	assert_eq!(wired.eval(&ctx), GPoll::Final(3.0));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn wiring_rejects_type_and_arity_mismatches() {
+	let augend: Box<dyn Any> = Box::new(Box::new(ValueNode(1.0f64)) as Box<ErasedGNode<f64>>);
+	let addend: Box<dyn Any> = Box::new(Box::new(ValueNode(2u32)) as Box<ErasedGNode<u32>>);
+	assert_eq!(add_constructor_f64(vec![augend, addend]).map(|_| ()), Err("type"));
+
+	let augend: Box<dyn Any> = Box::new(Box::new(ValueNode(1.0f64)) as Box<ErasedGNode<f64>>);
+	assert_eq!(add_constructor_f64(vec![augend]).map(|_| ()), Err("arity"));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn spec_loop_batches_through_the_erased_edge() {
+	let arena = Arena::new(1024);
+	let generations = [];
+	let scope = scope_fixture(&generations, &arena);
+	let ctx = ContextImpl::root(&scope);
+
+	let graph: Box<ErasedGNode<f64>> = Box::new(AddNode::new(ReadIndexNode, ValueNode(10.0f64)));
+	let mut scratch = [const { MaybeUninit::uninit() }; 4];
+	let status = graph.eval_batch(&ctx, 2..6, Some(&mut scratch));
+	let BatchStatus::Filled(lanes, finality) = status else {
+		panic!("expected filled, got {status:?}");
+	};
+	assert_eq!(lanes, &[12.0, 13.0, 14.0, 15.0]);
+	assert_eq!(finality, Finality::AllFinal);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn lending_kernel_clones_once_per_generation_and_lends_after() {
+	let arena = Arena::new(1024);
+	let generations = [];
+	let scope = scope_fixture(&generations, &arena);
+	let ctx = ContextImpl::root(&scope);
+
+	let node = LendStringNode::new("lend me".to_string());
+	let GPoll::Final(first) = node.eval(&ctx) else {
+		panic!("first eval must clone into the arena and lend");
+	};
+	let GPoll::Final(second) = node.eval(&ctx) else {
+		panic!("second eval must hit the cell");
+	};
+	assert_eq!(first, "lend me");
+	assert!(std::ptr::eq(first, second));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn exhausted_arena_reports_the_operational_error() {
+	let arena = Arena::new(0);
+	let generations = [];
+	let scope = scope_fixture(&generations, &arena);
+	let ctx = ContextImpl::root(&scope);
+
+	let node = LendStringNode::new("too big".to_string());
+	let GPoll::Error(error) = node.eval(&ctx) else {
+		panic!("exhaustion must surface as an operational error");
+	};
+	assert_eq!(error.kind, ErrorKind::ArenaExhausted);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn lending_edges_erase_and_wire_like_owned_edges() {
+	let arena = Arena::new(1024);
+	let generations = [];
+	let scope = scope_fixture(&generations, &arena);
+	let ctx = ContextImpl::root(&scope);
+
+	let value: Box<dyn Any> = Box::new(Box::new(LendStringNode::new("across the boundary".to_string())) as Box<ErasedLendEdge>);
+	let wired = string_length_constructor(vec![value]).unwrap();
+
+	assert_eq!(wired.eval(&ctx), GPoll::Final(19.0));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn spec_loop_batches_through_the_erased_lending_edge() {
+	let arena = Arena::new(1024);
+	let generations = [];
+	let scope = scope_fixture(&generations, &arena);
+	let ctx = ContextImpl::root(&scope);
+
+	let graph: Box<ErasedLendEdge> = Box::new(LendStringNode::new("batched".to_string()));
+	let mut scratch = [const { MaybeUninit::uninit() }; 3];
+	let status = graph.eval_batch(&ctx, 0..3, Some(&mut scratch));
+	let BatchStatus::Filled(lanes, finality) = status else {
+		panic!("expected filled, got {status:?}");
+	};
+	assert_eq!(lanes.len(), 3);
+	assert!(lanes.iter().all(|lane| std::ptr::eq(*lane, lanes[0])));
+	assert_eq!(*lanes[0], "batched");
+	assert_eq!(finality, Finality::AllFinal);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn fallback_input_records_partiality_invisibly() {
+	struct FallbackNode;
+	impl<Input> GNode<Input> for FallbackNode {
+		type Output = f64;
+		fn eval(&self, _input: &Input) -> GPoll<f64> {
+			GPoll::fallback(0.0, "upstream failed")
+		}
+	}
+
+	let arena = Arena::new(1024);
+	let generations = [];
+	let scope = scope_fixture(&generations, &arena);
+	let ctx = ContextImpl::root(&scope);
+
+	let graph = AddNode::new(FallbackNode, ValueNode(5.0f64));
+	let GPoll::Fallback(boxed) = graph.eval(&ctx) else {
+		panic!("fallback must propagate with the computed stand-in");
+	};
+	assert_eq!(boxed.0, 5.0);
+	assert!(boxed.1.kind == "upstream failed");
+	assert_eq!(boxed.1.trace, vec![0]);
+}
diff --git a/node-graph/nodes/brush/src/brush.rs b/node-graph/nodes/brush/src/brush.rs
index 53b0ea0052..64ef3bc3f7 100644
--- a/node-graph/nodes/brush/src/brush.rs
+++ b/node-graph/nodes/brush/src/brush.rs
@@ -3,15 +3,12 @@ use crate::brush_stroke::{BrushStroke, BrushStyle};
 use core_types::blending::BlendMode;
 use core_types::bounds::{BoundingBox, RenderBoundingBox};
 use core_types::color::{Alpha, Color, Pixel, Sample};
-use core_types::generic::FnNode;
 use core_types::list::{Item, List};
 use core_types::math::bbox::{AxisAlignedBbox, Bbox};
-use core_types::registry::FutureWrapperNode;
 use core_types::transform::Transform;
 use core_types::uuid::NodeId;
-use core_types::value::ClonedNode;
 use core_types::{ATTR_BLEND_MODE, ATTR_CLIPPING_MASK, ATTR_EDITOR_LAYER_PATH, ATTR_OPACITY, ATTR_OPACITY_FILL, ATTR_TRANSFORM};
-use core_types::{Ctx, Node};
+use core_types::Ctx;
 use glam::{DAffine2, DVec2};
 use raster_nodes::blending_nodes::blend_colors;
 use raster_nodes::std_nodes::{empty_image, extend_image_to_bounds};
@@ -63,7 +60,7 @@ impl<P: Pixel + Alpha> Sample for BrushStampGenerator<P> {
 /// The feather exponent is calculated from hardness to determine edge softness.
 /// Used internally to create the brush texture before stamping it repeatedly along a stroke path.
 #[node_macro::node(category(""), skip_impl)]
-fn brush_stamp_generator(#[unit(" px")] diameter: f64, color: Color, hardness: f64, flow: f64) -> BrushStampGenerator<Color> {
+fn brush_stamp_generator(_: impl Ctx, #[unit(" px")] diameter: f64, color: Color, hardness: f64, flow: f64) -> BrushStampGenerator<Color> {
 	// Diameter
 	let radius = diameter / 2.;
 
@@ -83,9 +80,9 @@ fn brush_stamp_generator(#[unit(" px")] diameter: f64, color: Color, hardness: f
 
 /// Used to efficiently paint brush strokes. Applies the same texture repeatedly at different positions with proper blending and boundary handling.
 #[node_macro::node(category(""), skip_impl)]
-fn blit<BlendFn>(mut target: List<Raster<CPU>>, texture: Raster<CPU>, positions: Vec<DVec2>, blend_mode: BlendFn) -> List<Raster<CPU>>
+fn blit<BlendFn>(_: impl Ctx, mut target: List<Raster<CPU>>, texture: Raster<CPU>, positions: Vec<DVec2>, blend_mode: BlendFn) -> List<Raster<CPU>>
 where
-	BlendFn: for<'any_input> Node<'any_input, (Color, Color), Output = Color>,
+	BlendFn: Fn(Color, Color) -> Color,
 {
 	if positions.is_empty() {
 		return target;
@@ -125,7 +122,7 @@ where
 				for x in blit_area_offset.x..blit_area_offset.x + blit_area_dimensions.x {
 					let src_pixel = texture.data[texture_index(x, y)];
 					let dst_pixel = &mut element.data_mut().data[target_index(x + clamp_start.x, y + clamp_start.y)];
-					*dst_pixel = blend_mode.eval((src_pixel, *dst_pixel));
+					*dst_pixel = blend_mode(src_pixel, *dst_pixel);
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -134,10 +131,10 @@ where
 	target
 }
 
-pub async fn create_brush_texture(brush_style: &BrushStyle) -> Raster<CPU> {
-	let stamp = brush_stamp_generator(brush_style.diameter, brush_style.color, brush_style.hardness, brush_style.flow);
+pub fn create_brush_texture(brush_style: &BrushStyle) -> Raster<CPU> {
+	let stamp = brush_stamp_generator(&(), brush_style.diameter, brush_style.color, brush_style.hardness, brush_style.flow);
 	let transform = DAffine2::from_scale_angle_translation(DVec2::splat(brush_style.diameter), 0., -DVec2::splat(brush_style.diameter / 2.));
-	let blank_texture = empty_image((), transform, List::new_from_element(Color::TRANSPARENT)).into_iter().next().unwrap_or_default();
+	let blank_texture = empty_image(&(), transform, List::new_from_element(Color::TRANSPARENT)).into_iter().next().unwrap_or_default();
 	let image = blend_stamp_closure(stamp, blank_texture, |a, b| blend_colors(a, b, BlendMode::Normal, 1.));
 
 	image.into_element()
@@ -188,7 +185,7 @@ pub fn blend_with_mode(background: Item<Raster<CPU>>, foreground: Item<Raster<CP
 /// Generates the brush strokes painted with the Brush tool as a raster image.
 /// If an input image is supplied, strokes are drawn on top of it, expanding bounds as needed.
 #[node_macro::node(category("Raster"))]
-async fn brush(
+fn brush(
 	_: impl Ctx,
 	/// Optional raster content that may be drawn onto.
 	mut background: List<Raster<CPU>>,
@@ -224,7 +221,7 @@ async fn brush(
 	let mut brush_plan = cache.compute_brush_plan(list_item, &draw_strokes);
 
 	// TODO: Find a way to handle more than one item
-	let Some(mut actual_image) = extend_image_to_bounds((), List::new_from_item(brush_plan.background), background_bounds).into_iter().next() else {
+	let Some(mut actual_image) = extend_image_to_bounds(&(), List::new_from_item(brush_plan.background), background_bounds).into_iter().next() else {
 		return List::new();
 	};
 
@@ -234,7 +231,7 @@ async fn brush(
 		// TODO: apply rotation from layer to stamp for non-rotationally-symmetric brushes.
 		let mut brush_texture = cache.get_cached_brush(&stroke.style);
 		if brush_texture.is_none() {
-			let tex = create_brush_texture(&stroke.style).await;
+			let tex = create_brush_texture(&stroke.style);
 			cache.store_brush(stroke.style.clone(), tex.clone());
 			brush_texture = Some(tex);
 		}
@@ -255,21 +252,14 @@ async fn brush(
 			let stroke_origin_in_layer = bbox.start - snap_offset - DVec2::splat(stroke.style.diameter / 2.);
 			let stroke_to_layer = DAffine2::from_translation(stroke_origin_in_layer) * DAffine2::from_scale(stroke_size);
 
-			let normal_blend = FnNode::new(|(a, b)| blend_colors(a, b, BlendMode::Normal, 1.));
-			let blit_node = BlitNode::new(
-				FutureWrapperNode::new(ClonedNode::new(brush_texture)),
-				FutureWrapperNode::new(ClonedNode::new(positions)),
-				FutureWrapperNode::new(ClonedNode::new(normal_blend)),
-			);
 			let blit_target = if idx == 0 {
 				let target = core::mem::take(&mut brush_plan.first_stroke_texture);
-				extend_image_to_bounds((), List::new_from_item(target), stroke_to_layer)
+				extend_image_to_bounds(&(), List::new_from_item(target), stroke_to_layer)
 			} else {
-				empty_image((), stroke_to_layer, List::new_from_element(Color::TRANSPARENT))
-				// EmptyImageNode::new(CopiedNode::new(stroke_to_layer), CopiedNode::new(Color::TRANSPARENT)).eval(())
+				empty_image(&(), stroke_to_layer, List::new_from_element(Color::TRANSPARENT))
 			};
 
-			let list = blit_node.eval(blit_target).await;
+			let list = blit(&(), blit_target, brush_texture, positions, |a, b| blend_colors(a, b, BlendMode::Normal, 1.));
 			assert_eq!(list.len(), 1);
 			list.into_iter().next().unwrap_or_default()
 		};
@@ -291,7 +281,7 @@ async fn brush(
 		for stroke in trace.into_iter().map(|row| row.into_element()) {
 			let mut brush_texture = cache.get_cached_brush(&stroke.style);
 			if brush_texture.is_none() {
-				let tex = create_brush_texture(&stroke.style).await;
+				let tex = create_brush_texture(&stroke.style);
 				cache.store_brush(stroke.style.clone(), tex.clone());
 				brush_texture = Some(tex);
 			}
@@ -305,17 +295,13 @@ async fn brush(
 				_ => BlendMode::Restore,
 			};
 
-			let blend_params = FnNode::new(move |(a, b)| blend_colors(a, b, mask_blend_mode, 1.));
-			let blit_node = BlitNode::new(
-				FutureWrapperNode::new(ClonedNode::new(brush_texture)),
-				FutureWrapperNode::new(ClonedNode::new(positions)),
-				FutureWrapperNode::new(ClonedNode::new(blend_params)),
-			);
-			erase_restore_mask = blit_node.eval(List::new_from_item(erase_restore_mask)).await.into_iter().next().unwrap_or_default();
+			erase_restore_mask = blit(&(), List::new_from_item(erase_restore_mask), brush_texture, positions, move |a, b| blend_colors(a, b, mask_blend_mode, 1.))
+				.into_iter()
+				.next()
+				.unwrap_or_default();
 		}
 
-		let blend_params = FnNode::new(|(a, b)| blend_colors(a, b, BlendMode::MultiplyAlpha, 1.));
-		actual_image = blend_image_closure(erase_restore_mask, actual_image, |a, b| blend_params.eval((a, b)));
+		actual_image = blend_image_closure(erase_restore_mask, actual_image, |a, b| blend_colors(a, b, BlendMode::MultiplyAlpha, 1.));
 	}
 
 	let transform: DAffine2 = actual_image.attribute_cloned_or_default(ATTR_TRANSFORM);
@@ -410,16 +396,16 @@ mod test {
 	#[test]
 	fn test_brush_texture() {
 		let size = 20.;
-		let image = brush_stamp_generator(size, Color::BLACK, 100., 100.);
+		let image = brush_stamp_generator(&(), size, Color::BLACK, 100., 100.);
 		assert_eq!(image.transform(), DAffine2::from_scale_angle_translation(DVec2::splat(size.ceil()), 0., -DVec2::splat(size / 2.)));
 		// center pixel should be BLACK
 		assert_eq!(image.sample(DVec2::splat(0.), DVec2::ONE), Some(Color::BLACK));
 	}
 
-	#[tokio::test]
-	async fn test_brush_output_size() {
+	#[test]
+	fn test_brush_output_size() {
 		let image = brush(
-			(),
+			&(),
 			&BrushCache::default(),
 			List::new_from_element(Raster::new_cpu(Image::<Color>::default())),
 			List::new_from_element(BrushStroke {
@@ -433,8 +419,7 @@ mod test {
 					blend_mode: BlendMode::Normal,
 				},
 			}),
-		)
-		.await;
+		);
 		assert_eq!(image.element(0).unwrap().width, 20);
 	}
 }
diff --git a/node-graph/nodes/gcore/src/context.rs b/node-graph/nodes/gcore/src/context.rs
index 8b11d3d657..e697f5c851 100644
--- a/node-graph/nodes/gcore/src/context.rs
+++ b/node-graph/nodes/gcore/src/context.rs
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ fn read_gradient(ctx: impl Ctx + ExtractVarArgs) -> List<GradientStops> {
 }
 
 #[node_macro::node(category("Context"), path(core_types::vector))]
-async fn read_position(
+fn read_position(
 	ctx: impl Ctx + ExtractPosition,
 	_primary: (),
 	/// The number of nested loops to traverse outwards (from the innermost loop) to get the position from. The most upstream loop is level 0, and downstream loops add levels.
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ async fn read_position(
 ///
 /// Nested loops can enable 2D or higher-dimensional iteration by using the *Loop Level* parameter to read the index from outer levels of loops.
 #[node_macro::node(category("Context"), path(core_types::vector))]
-async fn read_index(
+fn read_index(
 	ctx: impl Ctx + ExtractIndex,
 	_primary: (),
 	/// The number of nested loops to traverse outwards (from the innermost loop) to get the index from. The most upstream loop is level 0, and downstream loops add levels.
diff --git a/node-graph/nodes/graphic/src/graphic.rs b/node-graph/nodes/graphic/src/graphic.rs
index 8698375f6b..f610c0154f 100644
--- a/node-graph/nodes/graphic/src/graphic.rs
+++ b/node-graph/nodes/graphic/src/graphic.rs
@@ -569,7 +569,7 @@ pub fn wrap_graphic<T: Into<Graphic>>(
 /// Converts a list of graphical content into a `Graphic[]` by placing it into an element of a new wrapper `Graphic[]`.
 /// If it is already a `Graphic[]`, it is not wrapped again. Use the 'Wrap Graphic' node if wrapping is always desired.
 #[node_macro::node(category("General"))]
-pub async fn to_graphic<T: IntoGraphicList>(
+pub fn to_graphic<T: IntoGraphicList>(
 	_: impl Ctx,
 	#[implementations(
 		List<Graphic>,
@@ -587,7 +587,7 @@ pub async fn to_graphic<T: IntoGraphicList>(
 
 /// Removes a level of nesting from a `Graphic[]`, or all nesting if "Fully Flatten" is enabled.
 #[node_macro::node(category("General"))]
-pub async fn flatten_graphic(_: impl Ctx, content: List<Graphic>, fully_flatten: bool) -> List<Graphic> {
+pub fn flatten_graphic(_: impl Ctx, content: List<Graphic>, fully_flatten: bool) -> List<Graphic> {
 	// TODO: Avoid mutable reference, instead return a new List<Graphic>?
 	fn flatten_list(output_graphic_list: &mut List<Graphic>, current_graphic_list: List<Graphic>, fully_flatten: bool, recursion_depth: usize) {
 		for index in 0..current_graphic_list.len() {
@@ -624,7 +624,7 @@ pub async fn flatten_graphic(_: impl Ctx, content: List<Graphic>, fully_flatten:
 
 /// Converts a `Graphic[]` into a `Vector[]` by deeply flattening any vector content it contains, and discarding any non-vector content.
 #[node_macro::node(category("Vector"))]
-pub async fn flatten_vector<T: IntoGraphicList>(_: impl Ctx, #[implementations(List<Graphic>, List<Vector>)] content: T) -> List<Vector> {
+pub fn flatten_vector<T: IntoGraphicList>(_: impl Ctx, #[implementations(List<Graphic>, List<Vector>)] content: T) -> List<Vector> {
 	let graphic_list = content.into_graphic_list();
 	let mut output: List<Vector> = graphic_list.clone().into_flattened_list();
 
@@ -657,19 +657,19 @@ pub async fn flatten_vector<T: IntoGraphicList>(_: impl Ctx, #[implementations(L
 
 /// Converts a `Graphic[]` into a `Raster[]` by deeply flattening any raster content it contains, and discarding any non-raster content.
 #[node_macro::node(category("Raster"))]
-pub async fn flatten_raster<T: IntoGraphicList>(_: impl Ctx, #[implementations(List<Graphic>, List<Raster<CPU>>)] content: T) -> List<Raster<CPU>> {
+pub fn flatten_raster<T: IntoGraphicList>(_: impl Ctx, #[implementations(List<Graphic>, List<Raster<CPU>>)] content: T) -> List<Raster<CPU>> {
 	content.into_flattened_list()
 }
 
 /// Converts a `Graphic[]` into a `Color[]` by deeply flattening any color content it contains, and discarding any non-color content.
 #[node_macro::node(category("General"))]
-pub async fn flatten_color<T: IntoGraphicList>(_: impl Ctx, #[implementations(List<Graphic>, List<Color>)] content: T) -> List<Color> {
+pub fn flatten_color<T: IntoGraphicList>(_: impl Ctx, #[implementations(List<Graphic>, List<Color>)] content: T) -> List<Color> {
 	content.into_flattened_list()
 }
 
 /// Converts a `Graphic[]` into a `GradientStops[]` by deeply flattening any gradient content it contains, and discarding any non-gradient content.
 #[node_macro::node(category("General"))]
-pub async fn flatten_gradient<T: IntoGraphicList>(_: impl Ctx, #[implementations(List<Graphic>, List<GradientStops>)] content: T) -> List<GradientStops> {
+pub fn flatten_gradient<T: IntoGraphicList>(_: impl Ctx, #[implementations(List<Graphic>, List<GradientStops>)] content: T) -> List<GradientStops> {
 	content.into_flattened_list()
 }
 
diff --git a/node-graph/nodes/gstd/src/platform_application_io.rs b/node-graph/nodes/gstd/src/platform_application_io.rs
index d71f48aa52..7e0362766a 100644
--- a/node-graph/nodes/gstd/src/platform_application_io.rs
+++ b/node-graph/nodes/gstd/src/platform_application_io.rs
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ fn image_to_bytes(_: impl Ctx, image: List<Raster<CPU>>) -> List<u8> {
 
 /// Loads binary from URLs and local asset paths. Returns a transparent placeholder if the resource fails to load, allowing rendering to continue.
 #[node_macro::node(category("Web Request"))]
-async fn load_resource<'a: 'n>(_: impl Ctx, _primary: (), #[name("URL")] url: String) -> Arc<[u8]> {
+async fn load_resource(_: impl Ctx, _primary: (), #[name("URL")] url: String) -> Arc<[u8]> {
 	let placeholder = || -> Arc<[u8]> { Arc::from(Vec::<u8>::new()) };
 
 	let response = match reqwest::Client::new().get(&url).send().await {
@@ -185,14 +185,14 @@ fn decode_image(_: impl Ctx, data: Arc<[u8]>) -> List<Raster<CPU>> {
 
 #[cfg(target_family = "wasm")]
 #[node_macro::node(category(""))]
-async fn create_canvas(_: impl Ctx) -> CanvasHandle {
+fn create_canvas(_: impl Ctx) -> CanvasHandle {
 	CanvasHandle::new()
 }
 
 /// Renders a view of the input graphic within an area defined by the *Footprint*.
 #[cfg(target_family = "wasm")]
 #[node_macro::node(category(""))]
-async fn rasterize<T: WasmNotSend + Clone + 'n>(
+fn rasterize<T: WasmNotSend + Clone>(
 	_: impl Ctx,
 	#[implementations(
 		List<Vector>,
@@ -262,12 +262,12 @@ where
 }
 
 #[node_macro::node(category(""), inject_scope)]
-pub async fn editor_api<'a: 'n>(_: impl Ctx, #[scope("editor-api")] editor_api: &'a PlatformEditorApi) -> &'a PlatformEditorApi {
+pub fn editor_api<'a>(_: impl Ctx, #[scope("editor-api")] editor_api: &'a PlatformEditorApi) -> &'a PlatformEditorApi {
 	editor_api
 }
 
 #[node_macro::node(category(""))]
-pub async fn resource<'a: 'n>(_: impl Ctx, hash: ResourceHash, #[scope(editor_api::IDENTIFIER)] editor_api: &'a PlatformEditorApi) -> Resource {
+pub async fn resource<'a>(_: impl Ctx, hash: ResourceHash, #[scope(editor_api::IDENTIFIER)] editor_api: &'a PlatformEditorApi) -> Resource {
 	let application_io = editor_api.application_io.as_ref().expect("ApplicationIo must be available when using resources");
 	application_io.load_resource(hash).await.unwrap_or_else(|| {
 		panic!("Resource {hash} not found");
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ pub async fn resource<'a: 'n>(_: impl Ctx, hash: ResourceHash, #[scope(editor_ap
 }
 
 #[node_macro::node(category(""), inject_scope)]
-pub async fn wgpu_executor<'a: 'n>(_: impl Ctx, #[scope(editor_api::IDENTIFIER)] editor_api: &'a PlatformEditorApi) -> &'a ::wgpu_executor::WgpuExecutor {
+pub fn wgpu_executor<'a>(_: impl Ctx, #[scope(editor_api::IDENTIFIER)] editor_api: &'a PlatformEditorApi) -> &'a ::wgpu_executor::WgpuExecutor {
 	editor_api
 		.application_io
 		.as_ref()
@@ -285,6 +285,16 @@ pub async fn wgpu_executor<'a: 'n>(_: impl Ctx, #[scope(editor_api::IDENTIFIER)]
 }
 
 #[node_macro::node(category(""), inject_scope)]
-pub async fn try_wgpu_executor<'a: 'n>(_: impl Ctx, #[scope(editor_api::IDENTIFIER)] editor_api: &'a PlatformEditorApi) -> Option<&'a ::wgpu_executor::WgpuExecutor> {
+pub fn try_wgpu_executor<'a>(_: impl Ctx, #[scope(editor_api::IDENTIFIER)] editor_api: &'a PlatformEditorApi) -> Option<&'a ::wgpu_executor::WgpuExecutor> {
 	editor_api.application_io.as_ref()?.gpu_executor()
 }
+
+#[node_macro::node(category(""), inject_scope)]
+pub fn wgpu_executor_arc<'a>(_: impl Ctx, #[scope(editor_api::IDENTIFIER)] editor_api: &'a PlatformEditorApi) -> std::sync::Arc<::wgpu_executor::WgpuExecutor> {
+	editor_api
+		.application_io
+		.as_ref()
+		.expect("ApplicationIo not available")
+		.gpu_executor_arc()
+		.expect("GPU executor not available")
+}
diff --git a/node-graph/nodes/gstd/src/render_background.rs b/node-graph/nodes/gstd/src/render_background.rs
index 8b239a47f1..a416d83d34 100644
--- a/node-graph/nodes/gstd/src/render_background.rs
+++ b/node-graph/nodes/gstd/src/render_background.rs
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ use wgpu::util::DeviceExt;
 use wgpu_executor::{AsyncWgpuPipeline, WgpuExecutor, WgpuPipelineCache};
 
 #[node_macro::node(category(""))]
-async fn render_background<'a: 'n>(
+fn render_background<'a>(
 	ctx: impl Ctx + ExtractFootprint + ExtractVarArgs,
 	#[scope(composite_background_pipeline::IDENTIFIER)] pipeline: WgpuPipelineCache,
 	data: RenderOutput,
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ async fn render_background<'a: 'n>(
 }
 
 #[node_macro::node(category(""), inject_scope)]
-async fn composite_background_pipeline<'a: 'n>(
+fn composite_background_pipeline<'a>(
 	_ctx: impl Ctx,
 	#[scope(crate::platform_application_io::try_wgpu_executor::IDENTIFIER)] executor: Option<&'a WgpuExecutor>,
 	#[data] pipeline: WgpuPipelineCache,
diff --git a/node-graph/nodes/gstd/src/render_cache.rs b/node-graph/nodes/gstd/src/render_cache.rs
index c21377e6a2..27f27cceb4 100644
--- a/node-graph/nodes/gstd/src/render_cache.rs
+++ b/node-graph/nodes/gstd/src/render_cache.rs
@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ fn flood_fill(start: &TileCoord, tile_set: &HashSet<TileCoord>, visited: &mut Ha
 }
 
 #[node_macro::node(category(""))]
-pub async fn render_output_cache<'a: 'n>(
+pub async fn render_output_cache<'a>(
 	ctx: impl Ctx + ExtractAll + CloneVarArgs + ExtractRealTime + ExtractAnimationTime + ExtractPointerPosition + Sync,
 	#[scope(crate::platform_application_io::try_wgpu_executor::IDENTIFIER)] executor: Option<&'a WgpuExecutor>,
 	#[scope(crate::platform_application_io::editor_api::IDENTIFIER)] editor_api: &'a PlatformEditorApi,
diff --git a/node-graph/nodes/gstd/src/render_node.rs b/node-graph/nodes/gstd/src/render_node.rs
index f53aa69fdc..a8f40074e8 100644
--- a/node-graph/nodes/gstd/src/render_node.rs
+++ b/node-graph/nodes/gstd/src/render_node.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
+use core_types::gpoll::Interrupt;
 use core_types::list::List;
 use core_types::transform::{Footprint, Transform};
-use core_types::{CloneVarArgs, ExtractAll, ExtractVarArgs};
-use core_types::{Color, Context, Ctx, ExtractFootprint, OwnedContextImpl, WasmNotSend};
+use core_types::{Color, Context, Ctx, DeriveCtx, ExtractFootprint, ExtractVarArgs, OwnedContextImpl, WasmNotSend};
 use graph_craft::document::value::{RenderOutput, RenderOutputType};
 use graphene_application_io::{ExportFormat, RenderConfig};
 use graphic_types::raster_types::{CPU, Raster};
@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@ pub struct RenderIntermediate {
 }
 
 #[node_macro::node(category(""))]
-async fn render_intermediate<'a: 'n, T: 'static + Render + WasmNotSend + Send + Sync>(
-	ctx: impl Ctx + ExtractVarArgs + ExtractAll + CloneVarArgs,
+fn render_intermediate<T: 'static + Render + WasmNotSend + Send + Sync>(
+	ctx: impl Ctx + ExtractVarArgs + DeriveCtx,
 	#[implementations(
 		Context -> List<Artboard>,
 		Context -> List<Graphic>,
@@ -35,20 +35,18 @@ async fn render_intermediate<'a: 'n, T: 'static + Render + WasmNotSend + Send +
 		Context -> List<String>,
 	)]
 	data: impl Node<Context<'_>, Output = T>,
-) -> RenderIntermediate {
+) -> Result<RenderIntermediate, Interrupt> {
+	let data = data.eval(&ctx.derived())?;
 	let render_params = ctx
 		.vararg(0)
 		.expect("Did not find var args")
 		.downcast_ref::<RenderParams>()
 		.expect("Downcasting render params yielded invalid type");
 
-	let ctx = OwnedContextImpl::from(ctx.clone()).into_context();
-	let data = data.eval(ctx).await;
-
 	let footprint = Footprint::default();
 	let mut metadata = RenderMetadata::default();
 	data.collect_metadata(&mut metadata, footprint, None);
-	match &render_params.render_output_type {
+	Ok(match &render_params.render_output_type {
 		RenderOutputTypeRequest::Vello => {
 			let mut scene = vello::Scene::new();
 
@@ -70,11 +68,11 @@ async fn render_intermediate<'a: 'n, T: 'static + Render + WasmNotSend + Send +
 				metadata,
 			}
 		}
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 #[node_macro::node(category(""))]
-async fn render<'a: 'n>(
+fn render<'a>(
 	ctx: impl Ctx + ExtractFootprint + ExtractVarArgs,
 	#[scope(crate::platform_application_io::try_wgpu_executor::IDENTIFIER)] executor: Option<&'a WgpuExecutor>,
 	data: RenderIntermediate,
@@ -144,7 +142,7 @@ async fn render<'a: 'n>(
 }
 
 #[node_macro::node(category(""))]
-async fn create_context<'a: 'n>(
+fn create_context<'a>(
 	// Context injections are defined in the wrap_network_in_scope function
 	render_config: RenderConfig,
 	data: impl Node<Context<'_>, Output = RenderOutput>,
diff --git a/node-graph/nodes/gstd/src/render_pixel_preview.rs b/node-graph/nodes/gstd/src/render_pixel_preview.rs
index 549633362d..3247c11114 100644
--- a/node-graph/nodes/gstd/src/render_pixel_preview.rs
+++ b/node-graph/nodes/gstd/src/render_pixel_preview.rs
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use vector_types::vector::style::RenderMode;
 use wgpu_executor::{AsyncWgpuPipeline, WgpuExecutor, WgpuPipelineCache};
 
 #[node_macro::node(category(""))]
-pub async fn render_pixel_preview<'a: 'n>(
+pub async fn render_pixel_preview<'a>(
 	ctx: impl Ctx + ExtractAll + CloneVarArgs + Sync,
 	#[scope(pixel_preview_pipeline::IDENTIFIER)] pipeline: WgpuPipelineCache,
 	data: impl Node<Context<'_>, Output = RenderOutput> + Send + Sync,
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ pub async fn render_pixel_preview<'a: 'n>(
 }
 
 #[node_macro::node(category(""), inject_scope)]
-async fn pixel_preview_pipeline<'a: 'n>(
+fn pixel_preview_pipeline<'a>(
 	_ctx: impl Ctx,
 	#[scope(crate::platform_application_io::try_wgpu_executor::IDENTIFIER)] executor: Option<&'a WgpuExecutor>,
 	#[data] pipeline: WgpuPipelineCache,
diff --git a/node-graph/nodes/path-bool/src/lib.rs b/node-graph/nodes/path-bool/src/lib.rs
index 14e2270f98..cc4dc9fbd1 100644
--- a/node-graph/nodes/path-bool/src/lib.rs
+++ b/node-graph/nodes/path-bool/src/lib.rs
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ pub use vector_types::vector::misc::BooleanOperation;
 
 /// Combines the geometric forms of one or more closed paths into a new vector path that results from cutting or joining the paths by the chosen method.
 #[node_macro::node(category("Vector: Modifier"), memoize)]
-async fn boolean_operation<I: graphic_types::IntoGraphicList>(
+fn boolean_operation<I: graphic_types::IntoGraphicList>(
 	_: impl Ctx,
 	/// The `List` of vector paths to perform the boolean operation on. Nested `List`s are automatically flattened.
 	#[implementations(List<Graphic>, List<Vector>)]
diff --git a/node-graph/nodes/raster/src/dehaze.rs b/node-graph/nodes/raster/src/dehaze.rs
index b236dafa52..711fb47b0f 100644
--- a/node-graph/nodes/raster/src/dehaze.rs
+++ b/node-graph/nodes/raster/src/dehaze.rs
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use raster_types::{CPU, Raster};
 use std::cmp::{max, min};
 
 #[node_macro::node(category("Raster: Filter"))]
-async fn dehaze(_: impl Ctx, image_frame: List<Raster<CPU>>, strength: Percentage) -> List<Raster<CPU>> {
+fn dehaze(_: impl Ctx, image_frame: List<Raster<CPU>>, strength: Percentage) -> List<Raster<CPU>> {
 	image_frame
 		.into_iter()
 		.map(|mut row| {
diff --git a/node-graph/nodes/raster/src/filter.rs b/node-graph/nodes/raster/src/filter.rs
index 373298a016..cfa29435d0 100644
--- a/node-graph/nodes/raster/src/filter.rs
+++ b/node-graph/nodes/raster/src/filter.rs
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ fn unpremultiply_gamma_to_linear(buffer: Image<PremultipliedGammaPixel>) -> Imag
 
 /// Blurs the image with a Gaussian or box blur kernel filter.
 #[node_macro::node(category("Raster: Filter"))]
-async fn blur(
+fn blur(
 	_: impl Ctx,
 	/// The image to be blurred.
 	image_frame: List<Raster<CPU>>,
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ async fn blur(
 
 /// Applies a median filter to reduce noise while preserving edges.
 #[node_macro::node(category("Raster: Filter"))]
-async fn median_filter(
+fn median_filter(
 	_: impl Ctx,
 	/// The image to be filtered.
 	image_frame: List<Raster<CPU>>,
diff --git a/node-graph/nodes/raster/src/gradient_map.rs b/node-graph/nodes/raster/src/gradient_map.rs
index db3b949447..c314332a8c 100644
--- a/node-graph/nodes/raster/src/gradient_map.rs
+++ b/node-graph/nodes/raster/src/gradient_map.rs
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ use vector_types::GradientStops;
 // https://www.adobe.com/devnet-apps/photoshop/fileformatashtml/#:~:text=%27grdm%27%20%3D%20Gradient%20Map
 // https://www.adobe.com/devnet-apps/photoshop/fileformatashtml/#:~:text=Gradient%20settings%20(Photoshop%206.0)
 #[node_macro::node(category("Raster: Adjustment"))]
-async fn gradient_map<T: Adjust<Color>>(
+fn gradient_map<T: Adjust<Color>>(
 	_: impl Ctx,
 	#[implementations(
 		List<Raster<CPU>>,
diff --git a/node-graph/nodes/raster/src/image_color_palette.rs b/node-graph/nodes/raster/src/image_color_palette.rs
index 240e51d5ff..9bcd4b7e86 100644
--- a/node-graph/nodes/raster/src/image_color_palette.rs
+++ b/node-graph/nodes/raster/src/image_color_palette.rs
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ use core_types::list::{Item, List};
 use raster_types::{CPU, Raster};
 
 #[node_macro::node(category("Color"))]
-async fn image_color_palette(
+fn image_color_palette(
 	_: impl Ctx,
 	image: List<Raster<CPU>>,
 	#[default(4)]
diff --git a/node-graph/nodes/transform/src/transform_nodes.rs b/node-graph/nodes/transform/src/transform_nodes.rs
index ee85f409a2..7439f7bfa7 100644
--- a/node-graph/nodes/transform/src/transform_nodes.rs
+++ b/node-graph/nodes/transform/src/transform_nodes.rs
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ fn replace_transform<T>(
 // TODO: Figure out how this node should behave once #2982 is implemented.
 /// Obtains the transform of the first item in the input `List`, if present.
 #[node_macro::node(category("Math: Transform"), path(core_types::vector))]
-async fn extract_transform(_: impl Ctx, content: ListDyn) -> DAffine2 {
+fn extract_transform(_: impl Ctx, content: ListDyn) -> DAffine2 {
 	content.attribute::<DAffine2>(ATTR_TRANSFORM, 0).copied().unwrap_or_default()
 }
 
diff --git a/node-graph/nodes/vector/src/vector_modification_nodes.rs b/node-graph/nodes/vector/src/vector_modification_nodes.rs
index e473c8184f..5123466c4e 100644
--- a/node-graph/nodes/vector/src/vector_modification_nodes.rs
+++ b/node-graph/nodes/vector/src/vector_modification_nodes.rs
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ use vector_types::vector::VectorModification;
 
 /// Applies a differential modification to a vector path, associating changes made by the Pen and Path tools to indices of edited points and segments.
 #[node_macro::node(category(""))]
-async fn path_modify(_ctx: impl Ctx, mut vector: List<Vector>, modification: Box<VectorModification>, node_path: List<NodeId>) -> List<Vector> {
+fn path_modify(_ctx: impl Ctx, mut vector: List<Vector>, modification: Box<VectorModification>, node_path: List<NodeId>) -> List<Vector> {
 	use core_types::list::Item;
 
 	if vector.is_empty() {
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ async fn path_modify(_ctx: impl Ctx, mut vector: List<Vector>, modification: Box
 
 /// Applies the vector path's local transformation to its geometry and resets the transform to the identity.
 #[node_macro::node(category("Vector"))]
-async fn apply_transform(_ctx: impl Ctx, mut vector: List<Vector>) -> List<Vector> {
+fn apply_transform(_ctx: impl Ctx, mut vector: List<Vector>) -> List<Vector> {
 	let (elements, transforms) = vector.element_and_attribute_slices_mut::<DAffine2>(ATTR_TRANSFORM);
 	for (element, transform) in elements.iter_mut().zip(transforms.iter_mut()) {
 		for (_, point) in element.point_domain.positions_mut() {
diff --git a/node-graph/nodes/vector/src/vector_nodes.rs b/node-graph/nodes/vector/src/vector_nodes.rs
index 113d38c94b..5b7a51ad83 100644
--- a/node-graph/nodes/vector/src/vector_nodes.rs
+++ b/node-graph/nodes/vector/src/vector_nodes.rs
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ impl VectorListIterMut for List<Vector> {
 
 /// Uniquely sets the fill and/or stroke style of every vector element to individual colors sampled along a chosen gradient.
 #[node_macro::node(category("Vector: Style"), path(graphene_core::vector))]
-async fn assign_colors<T>(
+fn assign_colors<T>(
 	_: impl Ctx,
 	/// The content with vector paths to apply the fill and/or stroke style to.
 	#[implementations(List<Graphic>, List<Vector>)]
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ where
 
 /// Applies a fill style to the vector content, giving an appearance to the area within the interior of the geometry.
 #[node_macro::node(category("Vector: Style"), path(graphene_core::vector), properties("fill_properties"))]
-async fn fill<V: VectorListIterMut+ Send, F: IntoGraphicList+ Send + 'static>(
+fn fill<V: VectorListIterMut+ Send, F: IntoGraphicList+ Send + 'static>(
 	_: impl Ctx,
 	/// The content with vector paths to apply the fill style to.
 	#[implementations(
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ impl IntoF64Vec for String {
 
 /// Applies a stroke style to the vector content, giving an appearance to the area within the outline of the geometry.
 #[node_macro::node(category("Vector: Style"), path(graphene_core::vector), properties("stroke_properties"))]
-async fn stroke<V, L: IntoF64Vec, P: IntoGraphicList+ Send + 'static>(
+fn stroke<V, L: IntoF64Vec, P: IntoGraphicList+ Send + 'static>(
 	_: impl Ctx,
 	/// The content with vector paths to apply the stroke style to.
 	#[implementations(
@@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ where
 }
 
 #[node_macro::node(name("Copy to Points"), category("Repeat"), path(core_types::vector))]
-async fn copy_to_points<I: Send + Clone>(
+fn copy_to_points<I: Send + Clone>(
 	_: impl Ctx,
 	points: List<Vector>,
 	/// Artwork to be copied and placed at each point.
@@ -441,7 +441,7 @@ async fn copy_to_points<I: Send + Clone>(
 }
 
 #[node_macro::node(category("Vector: Modifier"), path(core_types::vector))]
-async fn round_corners(
+fn round_corners(
 	_: impl Ctx,
 	source: List<Vector>,
 	#[hard(0..)]
@@ -778,7 +778,7 @@ pub mod extrude_algorithms {
 }
 
 #[node_macro::node(category("Vector: Modifier"), path(core_types::vector))]
-async fn extrude(_: impl Ctx, mut source: List<Vector>, direction: DVec2, joining_algorithm: ExtrudeJoiningAlgorithm) -> List<Vector> {
+fn extrude(_: impl Ctx, mut source: List<Vector>, direction: DVec2, joining_algorithm: ExtrudeJoiningAlgorithm) -> List<Vector> {
 	for vector in source.iter_element_values_mut() {
 		extrude_algorithms::extrude(vector, direction, joining_algorithm);
 	}
@@ -786,7 +786,7 @@ async fn extrude(_: impl Ctx, mut source: List<Vector>, direction: DVec2, joinin
 }
 
 #[node_macro::node(category("Vector: Modifier"), path(core_types::vector))]
-async fn box_warp(_: impl Ctx, content: List<Vector>, #[expose] rectangle: List<Vector>) -> List<Vector> {
+fn box_warp(_: impl Ctx, content: List<Vector>, #[expose] rectangle: List<Vector>) -> List<Vector> {
 	let Some(target) = rectangle.element(0).cloned() else { return content };
 	let target_transform: DAffine2 = rectangle.attribute_cloned_or_default(ATTR_TRANSFORM, 0);
 
@@ -871,7 +871,7 @@ fn bilinear_interpolate(t: DVec2, quad: &[DVec2; 4]) -> DVec2 {
 }
 
 #[node_macro::node(category("Vector"), path(graphene_core::vector))]
-async fn pack_strips<T: Send + Clone>(
+fn pack_strips<T: Send + Clone>(
 	_: impl Ctx,
 	#[implementations(
 		List<Graphic>,
@@ -992,7 +992,7 @@ where
 
 /// Automatically constructs tangents (Bézier handles) for anchor points in a vector path.
 #[node_macro::node(category("Vector: Modifier"), name("Auto-Tangents"), path(core_types::vector))]
-async fn auto_tangents(
+fn auto_tangents(
 	_: impl Ctx,
 	source: List<Vector>,
 	/// The amount of spread for the auto-tangents, from 0 (sharp corner) to 1 (full spread).
@@ -1146,7 +1146,7 @@ async fn auto_tangents(
 }
 
 #[node_macro::node(category("Vector: Modifier"), path(core_types::vector))]
-async fn bounding_box(_: impl Ctx, content: List<Vector>) -> List<Vector> {
+fn bounding_box(_: impl Ctx, content: List<Vector>) -> List<Vector> {
 	content
 		.into_iter()
 		.map(|mut row| {
@@ -1171,7 +1171,7 @@ async fn bounding_box(_: impl Ctx, content: List<Vector>) -> List<Vector> {
 }
 
 #[node_macro::node(category("Vector: Measure"), path(core_types::vector))]
-async fn dimensions(_: impl Ctx, content: List<Vector>) -> DVec2 {
+fn dimensions(_: impl Ctx, content: List<Vector>) -> DVec2 {
 	(0..content.len())
 		.filter_map(|index| content.element(index).unwrap().bounding_box_with_transform(content.attribute_cloned_or_default(ATTR_TRANSFORM, index)))
 		.reduce(|[acc_top_left, acc_bottom_right], [top_left, bottom_right]| [acc_top_left.min(top_left), acc_bottom_right.max(bottom_right)])
@@ -1187,7 +1187,7 @@ fn as_vector(_: impl Ctx, value: List<Vector>) -> List<Vector> {
 
 /// Creates a polyline from a series of vector points, replacing any existing segments and regions that may already exist.
 #[node_macro::node(category("Vector"), name("Points to Polyline"), path(core_types::vector))]
-async fn points_to_polyline(_: impl Ctx, mut points: List<Vector>, #[default(true)] closed: bool) -> List<Vector> {
+fn points_to_polyline(_: impl Ctx, mut points: List<Vector>, #[default(true)] closed: bool) -> List<Vector> {
 	for vector in points.iter_element_values_mut() {
 		let mut segment_domain = SegmentDomain::new();
 		let mut next_id = SegmentId::ZERO;
@@ -1215,7 +1215,7 @@ async fn points_to_polyline(_: impl Ctx, mut points: List<Vector>, #[default(tru
 }
 
 #[node_macro::node(category("Vector: Modifier"), path(core_types::vector), properties("offset_path_properties"))]
-async fn offset_path(_: impl Ctx, content: List<Vector>, distance: f64, join: StrokeJoin, #[default(4.)] miter_limit: f64) -> List<Vector> {
+fn offset_path(_: impl Ctx, content: List<Vector>, distance: f64, join: StrokeJoin, #[default(4.)] miter_limit: f64) -> List<Vector> {
 	content
 		.into_iter()
 		.map(|mut row| {
@@ -1259,7 +1259,7 @@ async fn offset_path(_: impl Ctx, content: List<Vector>, distance: f64, join: St
 }
 
 #[node_macro::node(category("Vector: Modifier"), path(core_types::vector))]
-async fn solidify_stroke<T: IntoGraphicList>(_: impl Ctx, #[implementations(List<Graphic>, List<Vector>)] content: T) -> List<Vector> {
+fn solidify_stroke<T: IntoGraphicList>(_: impl Ctx, #[implementations(List<Graphic>, List<Vector>)] content: T) -> List<Vector> {
 	// TODO: Make this node support stroke align, which it currently ignores
 
 	let graphic_list = content.into_graphic_list();
@@ -1367,7 +1367,7 @@ async fn solidify_stroke<T: IntoGraphicList>(_: impl Ctx, #[implementations(List
 }
 
 #[node_macro::node(category("Vector: Modifier"), path(core_types::vector))]
-async fn separate_subpaths(_: impl Ctx, content: List<Vector>) -> List<Vector> {
+fn separate_subpaths(_: impl Ctx, content: List<Vector>) -> List<Vector> {
 	content
 		.into_iter()
 		.flat_map(|row| {
@@ -1398,7 +1398,7 @@ async fn separate_subpaths(_: impl Ctx, content: List<Vector>) -> List<Vector> {
 
 /// Determines if the subpath at the given index (across all vector element subpaths) is closed, meaning its ends are connected together forming a loop.
 #[node_macro::node(name("Path is Closed"), category("Vector: Measure"), path(core_types::vector))]
-async fn path_is_closed(
+fn path_is_closed(
 	_: impl Ctx,
 	/// The vector content whose subpaths are inspected.
 	content: List<Vector>,
@@ -1431,7 +1431,7 @@ fn map_points(ctx: impl Ctx + DeriveCtx, content: List<Vector>, mapped: impl Nod
 
 // TODO: Rename to "Combine Paths" and make this happen per-element instead of flattening every element into a single path. The migration for this should then become a Flatten Vector -> Combine Paths pair of nodes.
 #[node_macro::node(category("Vector"), path(graphene_core::vector))]
-pub async fn flatten_path<T: IntoGraphicList>(_: impl Ctx, #[implementations(List<Graphic>, List<Vector>)] content: T) -> List<Vector> {
+pub fn flatten_path<T: IntoGraphicList>(_: impl Ctx, #[implementations(List<Graphic>, List<Vector>)] content: T) -> List<Vector> {
 	let graphic_list = content.into_graphic_list();
 	let flattened = graphic_list.clone().into_flattened_list::<Vector>();
 
@@ -1487,7 +1487,7 @@ pub async fn flatten_path<T: IntoGraphicList>(_: impl Ctx, #[implementations(Lis
 
 /// Convert vector geometry into a polyline composed of evenly spaced points.
 #[node_macro::node(category("Vector: Modifier"), path(core_types::vector), properties("sample_polyline_properties"), memoize)]
-async fn sample_polyline(
+fn sample_polyline(
 	_: impl Ctx,
 	content: List<Vector>,
 	spacing: PointSpacingType,
@@ -1573,7 +1573,7 @@ async fn sample_polyline(
 
 /// Simplifies vector paths by reducing the number of curve segments while preserving the overall shape within the given tolerance.
 #[node_macro::node(category("Vector: Modifier"), path(core_types::vector))]
-async fn simplify(
+fn simplify(
 	_: impl Ctx,
 	/// The vector paths to simplify.
 	content: List<Vector>,
@@ -1617,7 +1617,7 @@ async fn simplify(
 
 /// Decimates vector paths into polylines by sampling any curves into line segments, then removing points that don't significantly contribute to the shape using the Ramer-Douglas-Peucker algorithm.
 #[node_macro::node(category("Vector: Modifier"), path(core_types::vector))]
-async fn decimate(
+fn decimate(
 	_: impl Ctx,
 	/// The vector paths to decimate.
 	content: List<Vector>,
@@ -1745,7 +1745,7 @@ async fn decimate(
 ///
 /// If multiple subpaths make up the path, the whole number part of the progression value selects the subpath and the decimal part determines the position along it.
 #[node_macro::node(category("Vector: Modifier"), path(graphene_core::vector))]
-async fn cut_path(
+fn cut_path(
 	_: impl Ctx,
 	/// The path to insert a cut into.
 	mut content: List<Vector>,
@@ -1796,7 +1796,7 @@ async fn cut_path(
 
 /// Cuts path segments into separate disconnected pieces where each is a distinct subpath.
 #[node_macro::node(category("Vector: Modifier"), path(core_types::vector))]
-async fn cut_segments(_: impl Ctx, mut content: List<Vector>) -> List<Vector> {
+fn cut_segments(_: impl Ctx, mut content: List<Vector>) -> List<Vector> {
 	// Iterate through every segment and make a copy of each of its endpoints, then reassign each segment's endpoints to its own unique point copy
 	for vector in content.iter_element_values_mut() {
 		let points_count = vector.point_domain.ids().len();
@@ -1855,7 +1855,7 @@ async fn cut_segments(_: impl Ctx, mut content: List<Vector>) -> List<Vector> {
 ///
 /// If multiple subpaths make up the path, the whole number part of the progression value selects the subpath and the decimal part determines the position along it.
 #[node_macro::node(name("Position on Path"), category("Vector: Measure"), path(graphene_core::vector))]
-async fn position_on_path(
+fn position_on_path(
 	_: impl Ctx,
 	/// The path to traverse.
 	content: List<Vector>,
@@ -1893,7 +1893,7 @@ async fn position_on_path(
 ///
 /// If multiple subpaths make up the path, the whole number part of the progression value selects the subpath and the decimal part determines the position along it.
 #[node_macro::node(name("Tangent on Path"), category("Vector: Measure"), path(graphene_core::vector))]
-async fn tangent_on_path(
+fn tangent_on_path(
 	_: impl Ctx,
 	/// The path to traverse.
 	content: List<Vector>,
@@ -1941,7 +1941,7 @@ async fn tangent_on_path(
 }
 
 #[node_macro::node(category("Vector: Modifier"), path(core_types::vector), memoize)]
-async fn scatter_points(
+fn scatter_points(
 	_: impl Ctx,
 	content: List<Vector>,
 	#[unit(" px")]
@@ -1991,7 +1991,7 @@ async fn scatter_points(
 }
 
 #[node_macro::node(name("Spline"), category("Vector: Modifier"), path(core_types::vector))]
-async fn spline(_: impl Ctx, content: List<Vector>) -> List<Vector> {
+fn spline(_: impl Ctx, content: List<Vector>) -> List<Vector> {
 	content
 		.into_iter()
 		.filter_map(|mut row| {
@@ -2091,7 +2091,7 @@ fn apply_point_deltas(element: &mut Vector, deltas: &[DVec2], transform: DAffine
 
 /// Perturbs the positions of anchor points in vector geometry by random amounts and directions.
 #[node_macro::node(category("Vector: Modifier"), path(core_types::vector))]
-async fn jitter_points(
+fn jitter_points(
 	_: impl Ctx,
 	/// The vector geometry with points to be jittered.
 	content: List<Vector>,
@@ -2141,7 +2141,7 @@ async fn jitter_points(
 /// Displaces anchor points along their normal direction (perpendicular to the path) by a set distance.
 /// Points with 0 or 3+ segment connections have no well-defined normal and are left in place.
 #[node_macro::node(category("Vector: Modifier"), path(core_types::vector))]
-async fn offset_points(
+fn offset_points(
 	_: impl Ctx,
 	/// The vector geometry with points to be offset.
 	content: List<Vector>,
@@ -2178,7 +2178,7 @@ async fn offset_points(
 ///
 /// *Progression* morphs through all objects. Interpolation is linear unless *Path* geometry is provided to control the trajectory between key objects. The **Origins to Polyline** node may be used to create a path with anchor points corresponding to each object. Other nodes can modify its path segments.
 #[node_macro::node(category("Vector: Modifier"), path(core_types::vector))]
-async fn morph<I: IntoGraphicList>(
+fn morph<I: IntoGraphicList>(
 	_: impl Ctx,
 	/// The vector objects to interpolate between. Mixed graphic content is deeply flattened to keep only vector elements.
 	#[implementations(List<Graphic>, List<Vector>)]
@@ -3125,19 +3125,19 @@ fn point_inside(_: impl Ctx, source: List<Vector>, point: DVec2) -> bool {
 // TODO: Return u32, u64, or usize instead of f64 after #1621 is resolved and has allowed us to implement automatic type conversion in the node graph for nodes with generic type inputs.
 // TODO: (Currently automatic type conversion only works for concrete types, via the Graphene preprocessor and not the full Graphene type system.)
 #[node_macro::node(category("General"), path(graphene_core::vector))]
-async fn count_elements(_: impl Ctx, content: ListDyn) -> f64 {
+fn count_elements(_: impl Ctx, content: ListDyn) -> f64 {
 	content.len() as f64
 }
 
 #[node_macro::node(category("Vector: Measure"), path(graphene_core::vector))]
-async fn count_points(_: impl Ctx, content: List<Vector>) -> f64 {
+fn count_points(_: impl Ctx, content: List<Vector>) -> f64 {
 	content.iter_element_values().map(|vector| vector.point_domain.positions().len() as f64).sum()
 }
 
 /// Retrieves the vec2 position (in local space) of the anchor point at the specified index in a `List` of vector elements.
 /// If no value exists at that index, the position (0, 0) is returned.
 #[node_macro::node(category("Vector: Measure"), path(graphene_core::vector))]
-async fn index_points(
+fn index_points(
 	_: impl Ctx,
 	/// The vector element or elements containing the anchor points to be retrieved.
 	content: List<Vector>,
@@ -3171,7 +3171,7 @@ async fn index_points(
 }
 
 #[node_macro::node(category("Vector: Measure"), path(core_types::vector))]
-async fn path_length(_: impl Ctx, source: List<Vector>) -> f64 {
+fn path_length(_: impl Ctx, source: List<Vector>) -> f64 {
 	(0..source.len())
 		.map(|index| {
 			let transform: DAffine2 = source.attribute_cloned_or_default(ATTR_TRANSFORM, index);