prepare for 0.3.11 release

Filter directories without h5ad files

.github/workflows/pr-checks.yaml

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ on: [push, pull_request]
 
 jobs:
   black:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-18.04
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v2
         name: Checkout repository
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ jobs:
           black . --check
   # This job is copied over from `deploy.yaml`
   run-tests:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-18.04
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v2
 

Changelog.md

@@ -1,3 +1,20 @@
+# 0.3.11
+
+* #81 added support for gene sets
+* #79 added example for cellxgene-gateway customized docker image
+* #78 prune directories that do not contain h5ad files
+
+# 0.3.10
+
+* #65 Added GATEWAY_EXPIRE_SECONDS to set how long cellxgene servers can remain idle before being terminated.
+* Added GATEWAY_LOG_LEVEL to set the log level
+* #68 Close connections after reading response
+* #68 Background thread reads from output of cellxgene process until it exits
+
+# 0.3.9
+
+* Added S3_ENABLE_LISTINGS_CACHE variable (See README.md)
+
 # 0.3.8
 
 * Fixed bug #57 affecting deeply nested subdirectory listing

Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+FROM python:3.9
+
+RUN pip install cellxgene-gateway 'MarkupSafe<2.1'
+
+ENV CELLXGENE_DATA=/cellxgene-data
+ENV CELLXGENE_LOCATION=/usr/local/bin/cellxgene
+
+CMD ["cellxgene-gateway"]

README.md

@@ -73,10 +73,12 @@ Optional environment variables:
 * `EXTERNAL_PROTOCOL` - typically http when running locally, can be https when deployed if the gateway is behind a load balancer or reverse proxy that performs https termination. Default value "http"
 * `GATEWAY_IP` - ip addess of instance gateway is running on, mostly used to display SSH instructions. Defaults to `socket.gethostbyname(socket.gethostname())`
 * `GATEWAY_PORT` - local port that the gateway should bind to, defaults to 5005
+* `GATEWAY_EXPIRE_SECONDS` - time in seconds that a cellxgene process will remain idle before being terminated. Defaults to 3600 (one hour)
 * `GATEWAY_EXTRA_SCRIPTS` - JSON array of script paths, will be embedded into each page and forwarded with `--scripts` to cellxgene server
-* `GATEWAY_ENABLE_ANNOTATIONS` - Set to `true` or to `1` to enable cellxgene annotations. 
+* `GATEWAY_ENABLE_ANNOTATIONS` - Set to `true` or to `1` to enable cellxgene annotations and gene sets.
 * `GATEWAY_ENABLE_BACKED_MODE` - Set to `true` or to `1` to load AnnData in file-backed mode. This saves memory and speeds up launch time but may reduce overall performance.
-* `S3_ENABLE_LISTINGS_CACHE` - Set to `true` or to `1` to cache listings of S3 folders for performance. Can be overridden by setting `filecrawl.html?refresh=true` query parameter.
+* `GATEWAY_LOG_LEVEL` - default is `INFO`. set to `DEBUG` to increase logging and to `WARNING` to decrease logging.
+* `S3_ENABLE_LISTINGS_CACHE` - Set to `true` or to `1` to cache listings of S3 folders for performance. If the cache becomes stale, set `filecrawl.html?refresh=true` query parameter to refresh the cache.
 
 If any of the following optional variables are set, [ProxyFix](https://werkzeug.palletsprojects.com/en/1.0.x/middleware/proxy_fix/) will be used.
 * `PROXY_FIX_FOR` - Number of upstream proxies setting X-Forwarded-For
@@ -87,6 +89,33 @@ If any of the following optional variables are set, [ProxyFix](https://werkzeug.
 
 The defaults should be fine if you set up a venv and cellxgene_data folder as above.
 
+## Running cellxgene-gateway with Docker
+
+First, build Docker image:
+
+```bash
+docker build -t cellxgene-gateway .
+```
+
+Then, cellxgene-gateway can be launched as such:
+
+```bash
+docker run -it --rm \
+-v <local_data_dir>:/cellxgene-data \
+-p 5005:5005 \
+cellxgene-gateway
+```
+
+Additional environment variables can be provided with the `-e` parameter:
+
+```bash
+docker run -it --rm \
+-v <local_data_dir>:/cellxgene-data \
+-e GATEWAY_PORT=8080 \
+-p 8080:8080 \
+cellxgene-gateway
+```
+
 # Customization
 
 The current paradigm for customization is to modify files during a build or deployment phase:

cellxgene_gateway/__init__.py

@@ -7,4 +7,4 @@
 # OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for
 # the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
 
-__version__ = "0.3.8"
+__version__ = "0.3.11"

cellxgene_gateway/cache_entry.py

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
 import datetime
 import logging
 import re
-import urllib.parse
 from enum import Enum
 
 import psutil
@@ -22,6 +21,8 @@ from cellxgene_gateway.cellxgene_exception import CellxgeneException
 from cellxgene_gateway.flask_util import querystring
 from cellxgene_gateway.util import current_time_stamp
 
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
 
 class CacheEntryStatus(Enum):
     loaded = "loaded"
@@ -57,7 +58,6 @@ class CacheEntry:
 
     @classmethod
     def for_key(cls, key, port):
-
         return cls(
             None,
             key,
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ class CacheEntry:
             except psutil.NoSuchProcess:
                 pass
 
-            logging.getLogger("cellxgene_gateway").info(f"terminated {terminated}")
+            logger.info(f"terminated {terminated}")
         self.status = CacheEntryStatus.terminated
 
     def rewrite_text_content(self, cellxgene_content):
@@ -169,38 +169,43 @@ class CacheEntry:
 
         full_path = self.cellxgene_basepath() + subpath + querystring()
 
-        if request.method in ["GET", "HEAD", "OPTIONS"]:
-            cellxgene_response = get(full_path, headers=headers)
-        elif request.method == "PUT":
-            cellxgene_response = put(
-                full_path,
-                headers=headers,
-                data=request.data,
-            )
-        elif request.method == "POST":
-            cellxgene_response = post(
-                full_path,
-                headers=headers,
-                data=request.data,
-            )
-        else:
-            raise CellxgeneException(f"Unexpected method {request.method}", 400)
-        content_type = cellxgene_response.headers["content-type"]
-        if "text" in content_type:
-            gateway_content = self.rewrite_text_content(
-                cellxgene_response.content.decode()
-            )
-        else:
-            gateway_content = cellxgene_response.content
+        try:
+            cellxgene_response = None
+            if request.method in ["GET", "HEAD", "OPTIONS"]:
+                cellxgene_response = get(full_path, headers=headers)
+            elif request.method == "PUT":
+                cellxgene_response = put(
+                    full_path,
+                    headers=headers,
+                    data=request.data,
+                )
+            elif request.method == "POST":
+                cellxgene_response = post(
+                    full_path,
+                    headers=headers,
+                    data=request.data,
+                )
+            else:
+                raise CellxgeneException(f"Unexpected method {request.method}", 400)
+            content_type = cellxgene_response.headers["content-type"]
+            if "text" in content_type:
+                gateway_content = self.rewrite_text_content(
+                    cellxgene_response.content.decode()
+                )
+            else:
+                gateway_content = cellxgene_response.content
 
-        resp_headers = {}
-        for h in copy_headers:
-            if h in cellxgene_response.headers:
-                resp_headers[h] = cellxgene_response.headers[h]
+            resp_headers = {}
+            for h in copy_headers:
+                if h in cellxgene_response.headers:
+                    resp_headers[h] = cellxgene_response.headers[h]
 
-        gateway_response = make_response(
-            gateway_content,
-            cellxgene_response.status_code,
-            resp_headers,
-        )
+            gateway_response = make_response(
+                gateway_content,
+                cellxgene_response.status_code,
+                resp_headers,
+            )
+        finally:
+            if cellxgene_response is not None:
+                cellxgene_response.close()
         return gateway_response

cellxgene_gateway/env.py

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
 
 import logging
 import os
-import socket
 
 cellxgene_location = os.environ.get("CELLXGENE_LOCATION")
 cellxgene_data = os.environ.get("CELLXGENE_DATA", "")
@@ -24,7 +23,9 @@ external_protocol = os.environ.get(
 )
 ip = os.environ.get("GATEWAY_IP")
 extra_scripts = os.environ.get("GATEWAY_EXTRA_SCRIPTS")
-ttl = os.environ.get("GATEWAY_TTL")
+expire_seconds = int(
+    os.environ.get("GATEWAY_EXPIRE_SECONDS", os.environ.get("GATEWAY_TTL", "3600"))
+)
 enable_annotations = os.environ.get("GATEWAY_ENABLE_ANNOTATIONS", "").lower() in [
     "true",
     "1",
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@ enable_backed_mode = os.environ.get("GATEWAY_ENABLE_BACKED_MODE", "").lower() in
     "true",
     "1",
 ]
+log_level = logging.getLevelName(os.environ.get("GATEWAY_LOG_LEVEL", "INFO"))
 
 env_vars = {
     "CELLXGENE_LOCATION": cellxgene_location,
@@ -50,9 +52,10 @@ optional_env_vars = {
     "GATEWAY_IP": ip,
     "GATEWAY_PORT": gateway_port,
     "GATEWAY_EXTRA_SCRIPTS": extra_scripts,
-    "GATEWAY_TTL": ttl,
+    "GATEWAY_EXPIRE_SECONDS": expire_seconds,
     "GATEWAY_ENABLE_ANNOTATIONS": enable_annotations,
     "GATEWAY_ENABLE_BACKED_MODE": enable_backed_mode,
+    "GATEWAY_LOG_LEVEL": log_level,
     "CELLXGENE_ARGS": cellxgene_args,
     "CELLXGENE_DATA": cellxgene_data,
     "PROXY_FIX_FOR": proxy_fix_for,

cellxgene_gateway/gateway.py

@@ -80,7 +80,6 @@ cache = BackendCache()
 
 @app.errorhandler(CellxgeneException)
 def handle_invalid_usage(error):
-
     message = f"{error.http_status} Error : {error.message}"
 
     return (
@@ -95,7 +94,6 @@ def handle_invalid_usage(error):
 
 @app.errorhandler(ProcessException)
 def handle_invalid_process(error):
-
     message = []
 
     message.append(error.message)
@@ -299,7 +297,7 @@ def launch():
 
 def main():
     logging.basicConfig(
-        level=logging.INFO,
+        level=env.log_level,
         format="%(asctime)s:%(name)s:%(levelname)s:%(message)s",
     )
     cellxgene_data = os.environ.get("CELLXGENE_DATA", None)

cellxgene_gateway/items/file/fileitem_source.py

@@ -35,6 +35,11 @@ class FileItemSource(ItemSource):
     def name(self):
         return self._name or f"Files:{self.base_path}"
 
+    def is_gene_set(self, path: str) -> bool:
+        return ("_gene_sets" in path or "-gene-sets" in path) and path.endswith(
+            self.annotation_file_suffix
+        )
+
     def is_h5ad_file(self, path: str) -> bool:
         return path.endswith(self.h5ad_suffix) and os.path.isfile(path)
 
@@ -63,7 +68,7 @@ class FileItemSource(ItemSource):
 
         return item_tree
 
-    def scan_directory(self, subpath="") -> dict:
+    def scan_directory(self, subpath: str = "") -> ItemTree:
         base_path = os.path.join(self.base_path, subpath)
 
         if not os.path.exists(base_path):
@@ -100,6 +105,11 @@ class FileItemSource(ItemSource):
             branches = [
                 self.scan_directory(os.path.join(subpath, subdir)) for subdir in subdirs
             ]
+            # Exclude branches without files as leaves. Since traversal is applied pre-order,
+            # branch.branches has already been processed and we don't need to check deeper nesting.
+            branches = [
+                branch for branch in branches if branch.items or branch.branches
+            ]
 
         return ItemTree(subpath, items, branches)
 
@@ -180,6 +190,7 @@ class FileItemSource(ItemSource):
                 self.make_fileitem_from_path(annotation, annotations_subpath, True)
                 for annotation in sorted(os.listdir(annotations_fullpath))
                 if annotation.endswith(self.annotation_file_suffix)
+                and not self.is_gene_set(annotation)
                 and os.path.isfile(os.path.join(annotations_fullpath, annotation))
             ]
         else:

cellxgene_gateway/items/s3/s3item_source.py

@@ -116,6 +116,9 @@ class S3ItemSource(ItemSource):
         branches = None
         if len(subdir_keys) > 0:
             branches = [self.scan_directory(key) for key in subdir_keys]
+            branches = [
+                branch for branch in branches if branch.items or branch.branches
+            ]
 
         return ItemTree(directory_key, items, branches)
 

cellxgene_gateway/prune_process_cache.py

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 class PruneProcessCache:
     def __init__(self, cache):
         self.cache = cache
-        self.expire_seconds = 3600 if env.ttl is None else int(env.ttl)
+        self.expire_seconds = env.expire_seconds
 
     def __call__(self):
         while True:

cellxgene_gateway/subprocess_backend.py

@@ -14,9 +14,15 @@ from flask_api import status
 
 from cellxgene_gateway.cache_entry import CacheEntryStatus
 from cellxgene_gateway.dir_util import make_annotations
-from cellxgene_gateway.env import cellxgene_args, enable_annotations, enable_backed_mode
+from cellxgene_gateway.env import (
+    cellxgene_args,
+    enable_annotations,
+    enable_backed_mode,
+)
 from cellxgene_gateway.process_exception import ProcessException
 
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
 
 class SubprocessBackend:
     def __init__(self):
@@ -28,8 +34,11 @@ class SubprocessBackend:
                 extra_args = f" --annotations-dir {make_annotations(file_path)}"
             else:
                 extra_args = f" --annotations-file {annotation_file_path}"
+                gene_sets_file_path = annotation_file_path[:-4] + "_gene_sets.csv"
+                extra_args += f" --gene-sets-file {gene_sets_file_path}"
         else:
             extra_args = " --disable-annotations"
+            extra_args += " --disable-gene-sets-save"
         if enable_backed_mode:
             extra_args += " --backed"
         if not cellxgene_args is None:
@@ -55,7 +64,7 @@ class SubprocessBackend:
             scripts,
             cache_entry.key.annotation_file_path,
         )
-        logging.getLogger("cellxgene_gateway").info(f"launching {cmd}")
+        logger.info(f"launching {cmd}")
         process = subprocess.Popen(
             [cmd], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, shell=True
         )
@@ -84,5 +93,6 @@ class SubprocessBackend:
                 cache_entry.append_output(output)
 
         cache_entry.set_loaded(process.pid)
-
-        return
+        for output in process.communicate():
+            logger.debug(f"cellxgene:{output}")
+        logger.info(f"exiting {cmd}")

environment.yml

@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@ name: cellxgene-gateway
 channels:
 - conda-forge
 dependencies:
-- python=3.7
+- python=3.9
 - requests
-- flask<2.0.0,>=1.0.2
+- flask
 - psutil
 - black
 - twine
@@ -13,6 +13,6 @@ dependencies:
 - pip
 - pip:
   - pre_commit
-  - flask-api==2.0
-  - werkzeug==1.0.1
-  - cellxgene>=0.15
+  - flask-api
+  - werkzeug
+  - cellxgene

examples/customized_docker_image/Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+FROM python:3.9
+
+RUN pip install cellxgene-gateway 'MarkupSafe<2.1'
+
+COPY customize_ui.sh customize_ui.sh
+RUN CELLXGENE_GATEWAY_DIR=/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cellxgene_gateway . ./customize_ui.sh
+
+ENV CELLXGENE_DATA=/cellxgene-data
+ENV CELLXGENE_LOCATION=/usr/local/bin/cellxgene
+EXPOSE 5005
+
+RUN mkdir /cellxgene-data
+
+CMD ["cellxgene-gateway"]

examples/customized_docker_image/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# Purpose
+
+This is a simple example of how to make a small script to customize the UI of cellxgene-gateway. The script that does the customization is `customize_ui.sh`, it simply makes the main header green using CSS but you could do anything you want there (including adding more script tags, etc).
+
+# Usage
+
+```
+docker build -t cellxgene_custom .
+CELLXGENE_DATA=`pwd`/../../../cellxgene_data
+docker run -p 5005:5005 --mount src=$CELLXGENE_DATA,target=/cellxgene-data,type=bind cellxgene_custom
+```
+
+If you now open http://localhost:5005 you should see a green cellxgene gateway header.
+

examples/customized_docker_image/customize_ui.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# make the header bright green
+find "${CELLXGENE_GATEWAY_DIR}/templates" -name index.html -exec sed -i -e 's/<head>/<head>\
+> <style> header h3 {color: #0F0;} <\/style>/g' {} \;

requirements.txt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-cellxgene>=0.15
-flask<2.0.0,>=1.0.2
-flask-api==2.0
-werkzeug==1.0.1
+cellxgene
+flask
+flask-api
+werkzeug
 psutil
 requests

tests/items/s3/test_s3item_source.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import unittest
 from unittest.mock import MagicMock, Mock, patch
 
+from cellxgene_gateway.gateway import app
 from cellxgene_gateway.items.item import ItemType
 from cellxgene_gateway.items.s3.s3item import S3Item
 from cellxgene_gateway.items.s3.s3item_source import S3ItemSource
@@ -24,10 +25,7 @@ class TestScanDirectory(unittest.TestCase):
         )
 
     @patch("s3fs.S3FileSystem")
-    @patch("flask.request")
-    def test__GIVEN_multilevel_bucket_THEN_properly_recurses_suburls(
-        self, requestMock, s3func
-    ):
+    def test__GIVEN_multilevel_bucket_THEN_properly_recurses_suburls(self, s3func):
         class S3Mock:
             def exists(path):
                 if path in [
@@ -83,9 +81,9 @@ class TestScanDirectory(unittest.TestCase):
                 raise Exception("isfile called with " + path)
 
         s3func.return_value = S3Mock
-        requestMock.args.get.return_value = "true"
         source = S3ItemSource("my-bucket")
-        tree = source.scan_directory()
+        with app.test_request_context(query_string="refresh=true") as test_context:
+            tree = source.scan_directory()
 
         def s3item_compare(i1, i2, msg=""):
             self.assertEqual(i1.name, i2.name, "name equals")

tests/test_filecrawl.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import unittest
+from collections import defaultdict
 from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
 
 from cellxgene_gateway.filecrawl import (
@@ -48,12 +49,48 @@ class TestRenderItemSource(unittest.TestCase):
 
 
 class TestRenderItemTree(unittest.TestCase):
+    def setUp(self):
+        from cellxgene_gateway.gateway import app
+
+        self.app = app
+        self.app_context = self.app.test_request_context()
+        self.app_context.push()
+
     @patch("cellxgene_gateway.items.file.fileitem_source.FileItemSource")
     def test_GIVEN_deep_nested_dirs_THEN_includes_dirs_in_output(self, item_source):
         item_source.name = "FakeSource"
-        item_tree = ItemTree("foo/bar/baz", [], [])
+        item_source.get_annotations_subpath = lambda _: "FakeAnnotations"
+        file_item = FileItem(
+            subpath="foo/bar/baz", name="file.h5ad", type=ItemType.h5ad
+        )
+        item_tree = ItemTree("foo/bar/baz", [file_item], [])
         rendered = render_item_tree(item_tree, item_source)
         self.assertEqual(
             rendered,
-            "<li><a href='/filecrawl/foo/bar/baz?source=FakeSource'>baz</a><ul></ul></li>",
+            "<li><a href='/filecrawl/foo/bar/baz?source=FakeSource'>baz</a><ul>"
+            "<li> <a href='/source/FakeSource/view/foo/bar/baz/file.h5ad/'>file.h5ad</a>"
+            "  | annotations: <a class='new' href='/source/FakeSource/view/FakeAnnotations'>new</a>"
+            "</li></ul></li>",
+        )
+
+    @patch(
+        "os.listdir",
+        side_effect=lambda parent: defaultdict(
+            list, {"tmp": ["foo"], "tmp/foo": ["bar"]}
+        )[parent],
+    )
+    @patch("os.path.exists", return_value=True)
+    def test_GIVEN_dirs_without_h5ad_THEN_excludes_dirs_in_output(
+        self, listdir, exists
+    ):
+        # Directories:
+        # - tmp
+        #   - foo
+        #     - bar (no h5ad files)
+        item_source = FileItemSource("tmp", name="local")
+        item_tree = item_source.list_items("foo")
+        rendered = render_item_tree(item_tree, item_source)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            rendered,
+            "<li><a href='/filecrawl/foo?source=local'>foo</a><ul></ul></li>",
         )

tests/test_prune_process_cache.py

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ key = CacheKey(
 
 class TestPruneProcessCache(unittest.TestCase):
     @patch("cellxgene_gateway.util.current_time_stamp", new=lambda: 0)
-    @patch("cellxgene_gateway.env.ttl", new="10")
+    @patch("cellxgene_gateway.env.expire_seconds", new=10)
     @patch("cellxgene_gateway.cache_entry.CacheEntry")
     @patch("cellxgene_gateway.cache_entry.CacheEntry")
     def test_GIVEN_one_old_one_new_THEN_prune_old(self, old, new):

tests/test_subprocess_backend.py

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import unittest
 from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
 
-from cellxgene_gateway.backend_cache import BackendCache
 from cellxgene_gateway.cache_entry import CacheEntry
 from cellxgene_gateway.cache_key import CacheKey
 from cellxgene_gateway.items.file.fileitem import FileItem
@@ -33,10 +32,46 @@ class TestSubprocessBackend(unittest.TestCase):
             backend.launch(cellxgene_loc, scripts, entry)
         popen.assert_called_once_with(
             [
-                "yes | /some/cellxgene launch /tmp/czi/pbmc3k.h5ad --port 8000 --host 127.0.0.1 --disable-annotations --scripts http://example.com/script.js --scripts http://example.com/script2.js"
+                "yes | /some/cellxgene launch /tmp/czi/pbmc3k.h5ad --port 8000 --host 127.0.0.1 --disable-annotations --disable-gene-sets-save --scripts http://example.com/script.js --scripts http://example.com/script2.js"
             ],
             shell=True,
             stderr=-1,
             stdout=-1,
         )
         self.assertEqual("An unexpected error", context.exception.stderr)
+
+    @patch("subprocess.Popen")
+    def test_launch_GIVEN_annotations_enabled_THEN_set_flags(self, popen):
+        subprocess = MagicMock()
+        subprocess.stdout.readline().decode.return_value = (
+            "[cellxgene] Type CTRL-C at any time to exit.\n"
+        )
+        subprocess.stderr.read().decode.return_value = ""
+        popen.return_value = subprocess
+
+        key = CacheKey(
+            FileItem("/czi/", name="pbmc3k.h5ad", type=ItemType.h5ad),
+            FileItemSource("/tmp", "local"),
+            FileItem(
+                "/czi/pbmc3k_annotations/", name="foo.csv", type=ItemType.annotation
+            ),
+        )
+        entry = CacheEntry.for_key(key, 8000)
+        import cellxgene_gateway.subprocess_backend
+
+        cellxgene_gateway.subprocess_backend.enable_annotations = True
+        try:
+            backend = cellxgene_gateway.subprocess_backend.SubprocessBackend()
+            cellxgene_loc = "/some/cellxgene"
+
+            backend.launch(cellxgene_loc, [], entry)
+        finally:
+            cellxgene_gateway.subprocess_backend.enable_annotations = False
+        popen.assert_called_once_with(
+            [
+                "yes | /some/cellxgene launch /tmp/czi/pbmc3k.h5ad --port 8000 --host 127.0.0.1 --annotations-file /tmp/czi/pbmc3k_annotations/foo.csv --gene-sets-file /tmp/czi/pbmc3k_annotations/foo_gene_sets.csv"
+            ],
+            shell=True,
+            stderr=-1,
+            stdout=-1,
+        )