Handle the refresh token in oauth authentication (#1766)

* Handle the refresh token in oauth authentication

If the token has expired, then it can be refreshed to get a new token.
This is automatically handled by the server without the client being aware.

Also in the PR:
  - refactor the auth_oauth.py file to more simply handle the save/restore of the token,
    and the refresh token
  - added an end2end test for oauth, which also tests refresh.

* adding python-jose and Authlib to requirements-dev.txt

They are needed in the auth_oauth test

server/auth/auth_oauth.py

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
-from flask import session, request, redirect, current_app, has_request_context, g
+from flask import session, request, redirect, current_app, after_this_request, has_request_context, g
 from server.auth.auth import AuthTypeClientBase, AuthTypeFactory
 from server.common.errors import AuthenticationError, ConfigurationError
 from urllib.parse import urlencode
-from urllib.request import urlopen
 import json
+import requests
+import base64
 
 # It is not required to have authlib or jose.
 # However, it is a configuration error to use this auth type if they are not installed.
@@ -20,10 +21,22 @@ except ModuleNotFoundError:
     missingimport.append("jose")
 
 
+class Tokens:
+    """Simple class to represent the tokens that are saved/restored from the cookie"""
+
+    def __init__(self, access_token, id_token, refresh_token, expires_at):
+        self.access_token = access_token
+        self.id_token = id_token
+        self.refresh_token = refresh_token
+        self.expires_at = expires_at
+        if not (access_token and id_token and refresh_token and expires_at):
+            raise KeyError(str(self.__dict__))
+
+
 class AuthTypeOAuth(AuthTypeClientBase):
     """An authentication type for oauth2 logins."""
 
-    CXG_ID_TOKEN = "id_token"
+    CXG_TOKENS = "auth_tokens"
 
     def __init__(self, server_config):
         super().__init__()
@@ -46,8 +59,8 @@ class AuthTypeOAuth(AuthTypeClientBase):
         # any JSON Web Token (JWT) issued by the authorization server and signed using the RS256
         try:
             jwksloc = f"{self.api_base_url}/.well-known/jwks.json"
-            jwksurl = urlopen(jwksloc)
-            self.jwks = json.loads(jwksurl.read())
+            jwksurl = requests.get(jwksloc)
+            self.jwks = jwksurl.json()
         except Exception:
             raise ConfigurationError(f"error in oauth, api_url_base: {self.api_base_url}, cannot access {jwksloc}")
 
@@ -87,48 +100,43 @@ class AuthTypeOAuth(AuthTypeClientBase):
             self.callback_base_url = f"http://{server_config.app__host}:{server_config.app__port}"
 
         self.client = self.oauth.register(
-            "oauth",
+            "auth0",
             client_id=self.client_id,
             client_secret=self.client_secret,
             api_base_url=self.api_base_url,
+            refresh_token_url=f"{self.api_base_url}/oauth/token",
             access_token_url=f"{self.api_base_url}/oauth/token",
             authorize_url=f"{self.api_base_url}/authorize",
-            client_kwargs={
-                "scope" : "openid profile email",
-            }
+            client_kwargs={"scope": "openid profile email offline_access"},
         )
 
     def is_user_authenticated(self):
-        try:
-            payload = self.get_jwt_payload()
-            return payload is not None
-        except AuthenticationError:
-            return False
+        payload = self.get_userinfo()
+        return payload is not None
 
     def get_user_id(self):
-        payload = self.get_jwt_payload()
+        payload = self.get_userinfo()
         if payload and payload.get("sub"):
             return payload.get("sub")
         return None
 
     def get_user_name(self):
-        payload = self.get_jwt_payload()
+        payload = self.get_userinfo()
         if payload and payload.get("name"):
             return payload.get("name")
         return None
 
     def get_user_email(self):
-        payload = self.get_jwt_payload()
+        payload = self.get_userinfo()
         if payload and payload.get("email"):
             return payload.get("email")
         return None
 
     def update_response(self, response):
-        response.cache_control.update(
-            dict(public=True, max_age=0, no_store=True, no_cache=True, must_revalidate=True))
+        response.cache_control.update(dict(public=True, max_age=0, no_store=True, no_cache=True, must_revalidate=True))
 
     def login(self):
-        callbackurl = f'{self.callback_base_url}/oauth2/callback'
+        callbackurl = f"{self.callback_base_url}/oauth2/callback"
         return_path = request.args.get("dataset", "")
         return_to = f"{self.callback_base_url}/{return_path}"
         # save the return path in the session cookie, accessed in the callback function
@@ -138,40 +146,83 @@ class AuthTypeOAuth(AuthTypeClientBase):
         return response
 
     def logout(self):
-        params = {'returnTo' : self.callback_base_url, 'client_id' : self.client_id}
-        response = redirect(self.client.api_base_url + '/v2/logout?' + urlencode(params))
-
-        if self.session_cookie:
-            if self.CXG_ID_TOKEN in session:
-                del session[self.CXG_ID_TOKEN]
-        else:
-            response.set_cookie(self.cookie_params["key"], "", expires=0)
-
+        self.remove_tokens()
+        params = {"returnTo": self.callback_base_url, "client_id": self.client_id}
+        response = redirect(self.client.api_base_url + "/v2/logout?" + urlencode(params))
         self.update_response(response)
         return response
 
     def callback(self):
-        token = self.client.authorize_access_token()
-        id_token = token.get("id_token")
+        data = self.client.authorize_access_token()
+        tokens = Tokens(
+            access_token=data.get("access_token"),
+            id_token=data.get("id_token"),
+            refresh_token=data.get("refresh_token"),
+            expires_at=data.get("expires_at"),
+        )
+        self.save_tokens(tokens)
         oauth_callback_redirect = session.pop("oauth_callback_redirect", "/")
-        resp = redirect(oauth_callback_redirect)
+        response = redirect(oauth_callback_redirect)
+        self.update_response(response)
+        return response
 
+    def get_tokens(self):
+        """Extract the tokens from the cookie, and store them in the flask global context"""
+        if "tokens" in g:
+            return g.tokens
+
+        try:
+            if self.session_cookie:
+                tokensdict = session.get(self.CXG_TOKENS)
+                if tokensdict:
+                    g.tokens = Tokens(**tokensdict)
+                else:
+                    return None
+            else:
+                value = request.cookies.get(self.cookie_params["key"])
+                value = base64.b64decode(value)
+                try:
+                    tokensdict = json.loads(value)
+                    g.tokens = Tokens(**tokensdict)
+                except (TypeError, KeyError, json.decoder.JSONDecodeError):
+                    g.pop("tokens", None)
+                    return None
+
+        except (TypeError, KeyError):
+            g.pop("tokens", None)
+            return None
+
+        return g.tokens
+
+    def save_tokens(self, tokens):
+        g.tokens = tokens
         if self.session_cookie:
-            session[self.CXG_ID_TOKEN] = id_token
+            session[self.CXG_TOKENS] = tokens.__dict__
         else:
-            args = self.cookie_params.copy()
-            del args["key"]
-            try:
-                resp.set_cookie(
-                    self.cookie_params["key"],
-                    id_token,
-                    **args)
-                g.token = id_token
-            except Exception as e:
-                raise AuthenticationError(f"unable to set_cookie {self.cookie_params}") from e
 
-        self.update_response(resp)
-        return resp
+            @after_this_request
+            def set_cookie(response):
+                args = self.cookie_params.copy()
+                value = base64.b64encode(json.dumps(tokens.__dict__).encode("utf-8"))
+                del args["key"]
+                try:
+                    response.set_cookie(self.cookie_params["key"], value, **args)
+                except Exception as e:
+                    raise AuthenticationError(f"unable to set_cookie {self.cookie_params}") from e
+                return response
+
+    def remove_tokens(self):
+        g.pop("tokens", None)
+        if self.session_cookie:
+            if self.CXG_TOKENS in session:
+                del session[self.CXG_TOKENS]
+        else:
+
+            @after_this_request
+            def remove_cookie(response):
+                response.set_cookie(self.cookie_params["key"], "", expires=0)
+                self.update_response(response)
+                return response
 
     def get_login_url(self, data_adaptor):
         """Return the url for the login route"""
@@ -184,60 +235,104 @@ class AuthTypeOAuth(AuthTypeClientBase):
         """Return the url for the logout route"""
         return "/logout"
 
-    def get_token(self):
-        """Function to return the token"""
-        if "token" in g:
-            return g.token
-        if self.session_cookie:
-            g.token = session.get(self.CXG_ID_TOKEN)
-        else:
-            g.token = request.cookies.get(self.cookie_params["key"])
-
-        return g.token
-
-    def get_jwt_payload(self):
-        if not has_request_context():
-            return None
-
-        token = self.get_token()
-        if token is None:
-            return None
-
+    def check_jwt_payload(self, id_token):
         try:
-            unverified_header = jwt.get_unverified_header(token)
+            unverified_header = jwt.get_unverified_header(id_token)
         except JWTError:
             return None
 
         rsa_key = {}
-        for key in self.jwks['keys']:
-            if key['kid'] == unverified_header['kid']:
+        for key in self.jwks["keys"]:
+            if key["kid"] == unverified_header["kid"]:
                 rsa_key = {
-                    'kty': key['kty'],
-                    'kid': key['kid'],
-                    'use': key['use'],
-                    'n': key['n'],
-                    'e': key['e']
+                    "kty": key["kty"],
+                    "kid": key["kid"],
+                    "use": key["use"],
+                    "n": key.get("n"),
+                    "e": key.get("e"),
                 }
         if rsa_key:
+            options = {}
+            if not rsa_key["n"] or not rsa_key["e"]:
+                # this is a mock auth server, do not validate
+                options = {"verify_signature": False, "verify_iss": False}
             try:
                 payload = jwt.decode(
-                    token,
+                    id_token,
                     rsa_key,
                     algorithms=self.algorithms,
                     audience=self.audience,
-                    issuer=self.api_base_url + "/"
+                    issuer=self.api_base_url + "/",
+                    options=options,
                 )
                 return payload
 
-            except JWTError as e:
-                raise AuthenticationError(f"invalid signature: {str(e)}")
             except ExpiredSignatureError:
-                # TODO, handle expired sessions by refreshing the token
-                return None
+                # This exception is handled in get_userinfo
+                raise
             except JWTClaimsError as e:
-                raise AuthenticationError(f"invalid claims {str(e)}")
+                raise AuthenticationError(f"invalid claims {str(e)}") from e
+            except JWTError as e:
+                raise AuthenticationError(f"invalid signature: {str(e)}") from e
 
         raise AuthenticationError("Unable to find the appropriate key")
 
+    def get_userinfo(self):
+        if not has_request_context():
+            return None
+
+        # check if the userinfo has been retrieved already in this request
+        if "userinfo" in g:
+            return g.get("userinfo")
+
+        # if there is no id_token, return None (user is not authenticated)
+        tokens = self.get_tokens()
+        if tokens is None or tokens.id_token is None:
+            return None
+
+        try:
+            # check the jwt payload.  This raises an AuthenticationError if the token is not valid.
+            # It the token has expired, we attempt to refresh the token
+            g.userinfo = self.check_jwt_payload(tokens.id_token)
+            return g.userinfo
+
+        except ExpiredSignatureError:
+            tokens = self.refresh_expired_token(tokens.refresh_token)
+            if tokens is None or tokens.id_token is None:
+                return None
+            else:
+                try:
+                    g.userinfo = self.check_jwt_payload(tokens.id_token)
+                    return g.userinfo
+                except JWTError as e:
+                    raise AuthenticationError(f"error during token refresh: {str(e)}") from e
+
+        except AuthenticationError:
+            self.remove_tokens()
+            raise
+
+    def refresh_expired_token(self, refresh_token):
+        params = {
+            "grant_type": "refresh_token",
+            "client_id": self.client_id,
+            "refresh_token": refresh_token,
+            "client_secret": self.client_secret,
+        }
+        headers = {"content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"}
+        request = requests.post(f"{self.api_base_url}/oauth/token", urlencode(params), headers=headers)
+        if request.status_code != 200:
+            # unable to refresh the token, log the user out
+            self.remove_tokens()
+            return None
+        data = request.json()
+        tokens = Tokens(
+            access_token=data.get("access_token"),
+            id_token=data.get("id_token"),
+            refresh_token=data.get("refresh_token", refresh_token),
+            expires_at=data.get("expires_at"),
+        )
+        self.save_tokens(tokens)
+        return tokens
+
 
 AuthTypeFactory.register("oauth", AuthTypeOAuth)

server/requirements-dev.txt

@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
+Authlib>=0.14.3
 black
 bumpversion>=0.5
-parameterized>=0.7.0
-pytest>=3.6.3
-twine>=1.12.1
 codecov>=2.0.15
-scanpy>=1.4.6
+parameterized>=0.7.0
 psycopg2==2.7.7
+pytest>=3.6.3
+python-jose>=3.2.0
+scanpy>=1.4.6
+twine>=1.12.1
 -r requirements.txt

server/test/unit/auth/test_oauth.py

@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+import unittest
+import random
+import time
+import base64
+import json
+import requests
+
+from flask import Flask, jsonify, make_response, request, redirect
+from multiprocessing import Process
+
+import jose
+from server.common.app_config import AppConfig
+from server.test import FIXTURES_ROOT, test_server
+
+# This tests the oauth authentication type.
+# This test starts a cellxgene server and a mock oauth server.
+# API requests to login and logout and get the userinfo are made
+# to the cellxgene server, which then sends requests to the mock
+# oauth server.
+
+# number of seconds that the oauth token is valid
+TOKEN_EXPIRES = 5
+
+# Create a mocked out oauth token, which servers all the endpoints needed by the oauth type.
+mock_oauth_app = Flask("mock_oauth_app")
+
+
+@mock_oauth_app.route("/authorize")
+def authorize():
+    callback = request.args.get("redirect_uri")
+    state = request.args.get("state")
+    return redirect(callback + f"?code=fakecode&state={state}")
+
+
+@mock_oauth_app.route("/oauth/token", methods=["POST"])
+def token():
+    headers = dict(alg="RS256", kid="fake_kid")
+    payload = dict(name="fake_user", sub="fake_id", email="fake_user@email.com", email_verified=True)
+    jwt = jose.jwt.encode(claims=payload, key="mysecret", algorithm="HS256", headers=headers)
+    r = {
+        "access_token": f"access-{time.time()}",
+        "id_token": jwt,
+        "refresh_token": f"random-{time.time()}",
+        "scope": "openid profile email",
+        "expires_in": TOKEN_EXPIRES,
+        "token_type": "Bearer",
+        "expires_at": time.time() + TOKEN_EXPIRES,
+    }
+    return make_response(jsonify(r))
+
+
+@mock_oauth_app.route("/v2/logout")
+def logout():
+    return_to = request.args.get("returnTo")
+    return redirect(return_to)
+
+
+@mock_oauth_app.route("/.well-known/jwks.json")
+def jwks():
+    data = dict(alg="RS256", kty="RSA", use="sig", kid="fake_kid",)
+    return make_response(jsonify(dict(keys=[data])))
+
+
+# The port that the mock oauth server will listen on
+PORT = random.randint(10000, 12000)
+
+
+# function to launch the mock oauth server
+def launch_mock_oauth():
+    mock_oauth_app.run(port=PORT)
+
+
+class AuthTest(unittest.TestCase):
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.dataset_dataroot = FIXTURES_ROOT
+        self.mock_oauth_process = Process(target=launch_mock_oauth)
+        self.mock_oauth_process.start()
+
+    def tearDown(self):
+        self.mock_oauth_process.terminate()
+
+    def auth_flow(self, app_config, cookie_key=None):
+
+        with test_server(app_config=app_config) as server:
+            session = requests.Session()
+
+            # auth datasets
+            config = session.get(f"{server}/d/pbmc3k.cxg/api/v0.2/config").json()
+            userinfo = session.get(f"{server}/d/pbmc3k.cxg/api/v0.2/userinfo").json()
+
+            self.assertFalse(userinfo["userinfo"]["is_authenticated"])
+            self.assertIsNone(userinfo["userinfo"]["username"])
+            self.assertTrue(config["config"]["authentication"]["requires_client_login"])
+            self.assertTrue(config["config"]["parameters"]["annotations"])
+
+            login_uri = config["config"]["authentication"]["login"]
+            logout_uri = config["config"]["authentication"]["logout"]
+
+            self.assertEqual(login_uri, "/login?dataset=d/pbmc3k.cxg/")
+            self.assertEqual(logout_uri, "/logout")
+
+            r = session.get(f"{server}/{login_uri}")
+            # check that the login redirect worked
+            self.assertEqual(r.history[0].status_code, 302)
+            self.assertEqual(r.url, f"{server}/d/pbmc3k.cxg/")
+            config = session.get(f"{server}/d/pbmc3k.cxg/api/v0.2/config").json()
+            userinfo = session.get(f"{server}/d/pbmc3k.cxg/api/v0.2/userinfo").json()
+            self.assertTrue(userinfo["userinfo"]["is_authenticated"])
+            self.assertEqual(userinfo["userinfo"]["username"], "fake_user")
+            self.assertTrue(config["config"]["parameters"]["annotations"])
+
+            if cookie_key:
+                cookie = session.cookies.get(cookie_key)
+                token = json.loads(base64.b64decode(cookie))
+                access_token_before = token.get("access_token")
+                expires_at_before = token.get("expires_at")
+
+                # let the token expire
+                time.sleep(TOKEN_EXPIRES + 1)
+
+                # check that refresh works
+                session.get(f"{server}/{login_uri}")
+                userinfo = session.get(f"{server}/d/pbmc3k.cxg/api/v0.2/userinfo").json()
+                self.assertTrue(userinfo["userinfo"]["is_authenticated"])
+                self.assertEqual(userinfo["userinfo"]["username"], "fake_user")
+
+                cookie = session.cookies.get(cookie_key)
+                token = json.loads(base64.b64decode(cookie))
+                access_token_after = token.get("access_token")
+                expires_at_after = token.get("expires_at")
+
+                self.assertNotEqual(access_token_before, access_token_after)
+                self.assertTrue(expires_at_after - expires_at_before > TOKEN_EXPIRES)
+
+            r = session.get(f"{server}/{logout_uri}")
+            # check that the logout redirect worked
+            self.assertEqual(r.history[0].status_code, 302)
+            self.assertEqual(r.url, f"{server}")
+            config = session.get(f"{server}/d/pbmc3k.cxg/api/v0.2/config").json()
+            userinfo = session.get(f"{server}/d/pbmc3k.cxg/api/v0.2/userinfo").json()
+            self.assertFalse(userinfo["userinfo"]["is_authenticated"])
+            self.assertIsNone(userinfo["userinfo"]["username"])
+            self.assertTrue(config["config"]["parameters"]["annotations"])
+
+    def test_auth_oauth_session(self):
+        # test with session cookies
+        app_config = AppConfig()
+        app_config.update_server_config(
+            authentication__type="oauth",
+            authentication__params_oauth__api_base_url=f"http://localhost:{PORT}",
+            authentication__params_oauth__client_id="mock_client_id",
+            authentication__params_oauth__client_secret="mock_client_secret",
+            authentication__params_oauth__session_cookie=True,
+        )
+
+        app_config.update_server_config(multi_dataset__dataroot=self.dataset_dataroot)
+        app_config.complete_config()
+
+        self.auth_flow(app_config)
+
+    def test_auth_oauth_cookie(self):
+        # test with specified cookie
+        app_config = AppConfig()
+        app_config.update_server_config(
+            authentication__type="oauth",
+            authentication__params_oauth__api_base_url=f"http://localhost:{PORT}",
+            authentication__params_oauth__client_id="mock_client_id",
+            authentication__params_oauth__client_secret="mock_client_secret",
+            authentication__params_oauth__session_cookie=False,
+            authentication__params_oauth__cookie=dict(key="test_cxguser", httponly=True, max_age=60),
+        )
+
+        app_config.update_server_config(multi_dataset__dataroot=self.dataset_dataroot)
+        app_config.complete_config()
+
+        self.auth_flow(app_config, "test_cxguser")